Numerical Investigation of Wind Erosion to the Grooved Concrete Wall Surface under a Wind-Blown Sand Movement

Table 2

Erosion rates of grooved and smooth wall surfaces under different groove sizes and impact angles.

Impact angle (°)	Groove size (mm)	Erosion rate of grooved wall surface (mg/m^2·s)	Erosion rate of smooth wall surface (mg/m^2·s)	Optimization rate (%)
30	6	8.943E + 01	7.431E + 01	−20.350
	12	9.803E + 01	7.429E + 01	−31.960
	18	1.107E + 02	7.420E +  01	−49.237
45	6	1.282E + 02	1.214E + 02	−5.552
	12	1.341E + 02	1.214E + 02	−10.392
	18	1.384E + 02	1.215E + 02	−13.912
60	6	1.829E + 02	1.849E + 02	1.109
	12	1.814E + 02	1.848E + 02	1.832
	18	1.799E + 02	1.849E + 02	2.664
75	6	2.862E + 02	2.994E + 02	4.397
	12	2.744E + 02	2.993E + 02	8.317
	18	2.610E + 02	2.991E + 02	12.733
90	6	3.447E + 02	3.632E + 02	5.084
	12	3.250E + 02	3.632E + 02	10.516
	18	3.089E + 02	3.631E + 02	14.914