|
| MMC within (wt %) | Manufacturing process | Mechanical properties | Remarks | Reference |
|
| Al 6061- TiB2 (0, 4.98, 9.29, 13.62 wt %) | In situ casting | Microhardness, ultimate tensile strength | Hardness and tensile strength of the composite enhanced as compared to nonreinforced plain alloy matrix. | [33] |
| AA6061-TiB2 (0, 12 wt %) | In situ casting | Brinell hardness, UTS, % elongation | All these mechanical characteristics of the AMCs were superior to those of pure Al matrix alloy. The incorporation of TiB2 filler contents into the AA6061 alloy has diminished the elongation of the composite. | [34] |
| Al-TiB2 (1, 4, 7 wt %) | Salt-metal reaction route | Hardness, UTS | All these mechanical properties of the AMCs were superior to those of plain aluminum. | [35] |
| A356-TiB2 (0, 2.12, 4.66, 8.37 wt %) | In situ reaction process | UTS, YS, elongation | Mechanical behaviors of the AMCs were greater than those of plain alloy but superior testing results are obtained at 8.37 vol% of TiB2 reinforced composites. | [36] |
| AA2219-TiB2 (0, 5, 10 wt %) | In situ route | Hardness, UTS, YS, and elongation | Both hardness and UTS are being increased when the mass concentration of TiB2 filler contents reached up to 10%. Addition of TiB2 reduced the elongation of the plain matrix alloy. | [37] |
| Al 6063- TiB2 (0, 4.29, 9.15, 13.12 wt %) | In situ casting | Hardness and tensile strength | Hardness and tensile strength properties are improved with the augmented content of hard titanium boride reinforcement. | [38] |
| Al 6061- TiB2 (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 wt %) | High energy metal stirring route | Hardness, UTS | Hardness and UTS of the developed AMCs were superior to those of base matrix but better results are obtained at the maximum percentage of TiB2 reinforced composite. | [39] |
| AA7075-TiB2 (0, 3, 6, 9 wt %) | Exothermic reaction process | Microhardness, UTS, % elongation | Both the UTS and the microhardness were enriched as compared to pure Al matrix. Incorporation of hard TiB2 reduced the elongation of the base matrix. | [40] |
| Al 6063/TiB2 (0, 5, 10 wt %) | Salt base exothermic reaction process | Microhardness | Microhardness of the produced composite increased steadily as hard TiB2 reinforcement content increased. | [41] |
| A356-TiB2 (0, 12.5 wt %) | In situ casting process | Ultimate tensile strength, yield strength. | Yield strength and tensile strength of the aluminum metal matrix composites were higher than those of unreinforced plain matrix alloy and then increased with the increase in the content of TiB2 particle. | [42] |
| AA6061-TiB2 (0, 4, 8, 12 wt %) | Stir casting | Hardness, tensile strength | The tensile strength and the microhardness of the prepared composite tend to increase with the increase in TiB2 content. | [43] |
| Al-6Cu-0.2Mg-Mn-TiB2 (0, 1, 3, 5 wt %) | In situ casting | Microhardness | Microhardness was greater than that of base matrix alloy. The variation in the presence of reinforcement particles is visible with increased content of TiB2. | [44] |
| AA6061-TiB2 (10 wt %) | Stir casting | Hardness and tensile strength | AA6061/10 wt%TiB2 AMC exhibits 58HV of microhardness and 195 MPa of tensile strength. These AMCs are fabricated in liquid state by stir casting method. | [45] |
| A390-TiB2 | In situ casting | Hardness, UTS, and % elongation | Ultimate tensile strength, ductility, and hardness of the produced composite were greater than those of nonreinforced matrix alloy but highest results are obtained at the largest percentage of TiB2 reinforced composite. | [46] |
| AA2219/TiB2 (0, 5, 10 wt %) | In situ reaction process | UTS, yield strength, ductility | Tensile and yield strength were greater than those of parent alloy and they raised with the raise in reinforcement, in all composites. Incorporation of TiB2 reduced the elongation of the pure Al matrix. | [47] |
| LM 25/TiB2 (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5) | Mixed salt method | UTS, yield strength, % elongation | UTS and yield strength were superior to those of base aluminum and they were enriched with the augmented mass proportion of reinforcement while the mechanical characteristics of the composite increases owing to the presence of TiB2 filler materials. | [48] |
| Al/TiB2 (0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 5 and 10 wt% TiB2) | Powder metallurgy | Compressive strength | Mechanical property was greater than that of basic alloy. | [49] |
| A356/TiB2 (0, 0.5, 1.5, 3, and 5 vol %) | Stir casting | Hardness | Use of hard TiB2 has a remarkable effect in increasing microhardness and UTS of the Al composite. | [50] |
| A356/TiB2 (0, 3, 5.6, 7.8 vol%) | In situ casting | UTS, yield strength, and fracture toughness | The produced composite with 7.8 vol% TiB2 shows the greatest improvement in mechanical performance when compared to the base metal. | [51] |
| AA6061/TiB2 (0, 5, 7 wt%) | In situ casting | Microhardness, UTS, elongation | In all the composites microhardness and UTS were greater than those of unreinforced base matrix and they increased with increase in reinforcement content. The addition of TiB2 particulates to the AA6061 matrix has led to reduced ductility of the AMC. | [52] |
| AA7075/TiB2 (0, 5, 10 wt%) | In situ casting (mixing salt route) | Bending strength | Bending characteristics are enhanced with the increased content of filler materials. | [53] |
| AA6061- TiB2 (0, 3, 6, 9 wt %) | In situ reaction process | Microhardness (HV) | Microhardness of the experimental AMCs was greater than that of plain alloy but highest results are achieved at the superior percentage of TiB2 reinforced composite. | [54] |
| AA1100-TiB2 (0, Al4.5%Cu-15 vol%TiB2, Al4.5%Cu3 %C-15 vol%TiB2) | In situ method | Tensile strength, elongation | Tensile strength of the composite was greater than that of unreinforced plain alloy and all these characteristics were enriched when augmented amount of filler content is found. Addition of TiB2 reduced the ductility of the matrix alloy. | [55] |
| Commercial pure (CP) Al-TiB2 (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 vol %) | Powder metallurgy | UTS, yield strength | UTS and yield strength were superior to those of base alloy in both processes and were enhanced with increase in filler material, in all composites. | [56] |
| LM 25-TiB2 (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 wt %) | In situ method | Brinell hardness, UTS, yield strength, elongation | The improved hardness and the reduction in the ductility of LM25-TiB2 AMCs are observed when TiB2 content is increased in the AMCs. | [57] |
| Al-4Cu-TiB2 (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 wt %) | In situ method | Hardness (HV) | The microhardness of the fabricated composite tends to augment with the rise in TiB2 content. | [58] |
| Al-2.5% TiB2 (25%, 120%, 140% KBF4 excess than stoichiometry) 2.5% TiB2 | In situ method | Microhardness (HV) | Microhardness of the AMCs increased as compared to nonreinforced alloy matrix. | [59] |
| AA6061-TiB2 (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 wt %) | Stir casting | Hardness, UTS, yield strength, | Yield strength, hardness, and tensile strength were superior to those of nonreinforced base matrix alloy. | [60] |
| AA6061-TiB2 (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 wt %) | In situ and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) | Hardness, UTS, elongation, | Both the tensile strength and the hardness were enhanced as compared to pure plain matrix alloy. The elongation of the AMCs was found to be somewhat lower than that of the base alloy. | [61] |
| Al-B4C-TiB2 (10, 20, 30, 40 wt %TiB2) | Vacuum infiltration | Hardness (HRA) and flexural strength | The hardness and flexural strength of the specimens tend to decrease during the increment of the reinforcement content. | [62] |
| AA6061, AA6061-5 wt% TiB2, AA7015, AA7015-5 wt% TiB2 | Hot extrusion | Hardness | Hardness of the AMCs was superior to that of plain alloy and it is enhanced with the rising content of hard TiB2 reinforcement. | [63] |
| AA6061, AA6061-10% SiC- 2.5% TiB2, 5% TiB2 | Stir casting | Hardness (HV) | Hardness of the Al-10%SiC-2.5%TiB2 AMCs increased as compared to basic alloy matrix. | [64] |
| Al6061-TiB2 (0, 6, 8, 10) | In situ casting route | Hardness, UTS, elongation | Hardness and UTS of the prepared AMCs were enriched linearly as TiB2 content increased. The incorporation of hard TiB2 filler materials into the AA6061 matrix has led to diminished elongation of the AMC. | [65] |
| Commercial pure aluminium (CP)-TiB2 (0, 2.5, 5 wt% TiB2) | In situ casting process | Hardness, UTS | Hardness, fracture, and tensile strength improved with enhanced titanium diboride particle content. | [66] |
| AA7178—0, 3, 6, 9 wt%TiB2) | In situ casting method | Hardness, compression strength, and tensile strength | Microhardness, compression, and tensile strength are being improved when the weight fraction of TiB2 particles reached up to 9%. | [67] |
| A1100-TiB2, AlCu TiB2 (15Vf% TiB2) | Exothermic reaction process | UTS, yield strength | Mechanical properties of the AMMCs increased as compared to unreinforced plain matrix alloy. | [68] |
| Al-7Si/TiB2 (0, 5, 10 wt% TiB2) | In situ | Hardness, UTS, yield strength | Maximum hardness, yield, and tensile strength of the AMCs are obtained where the TiB2 filler material reached 10%. | [69] |
| Al-4%Cu-TiB2 (chemical reaction time-15, 25, 35 min) | In situ casting | Hardness, UTS, yield strength, elongation | Mechanical properties of the developed aluminum matrix AMCs were superior to those of unreinforced matrix. | [70] |
| A356-TiB2 (0, 0.5, 1.5, 3.5-micron and nano TiB2) (casting temperature 750, 800, 900°C) | Melt stirring casting | UTS and yield strength | Yield and tensile strength were augmented compared to those of basic alloy. A356-1.5 wt%TiB2-900°C AMC exhibits higher mechanical properties. | [71] |
| AA6061/TiB2/Gr 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%TiB2 + 2%Gr, 5%, 10%, 20% TiB2, | Melt stirring method | UTS and hardness | UTS and hardness of the AMCs were augmented compared to those of base alloy and were then boosted with the augmented content of filler material. | [72] |
| AA6063/TiB2 (0, 5, 10) | In situ | Hardness (HV) | Bulk hardness of the composite was superior to that of base alloy and it was enriched with the increasing content of filler material. | [73] |
| Al6063- TiB2 (2.8, 6.7, 10 wt%) | In situ | Microhardness (HV) | Microhardness was 27.25% times superior to that of base aluminum while hardness increased with increased content of reinforcement. | [74] |
| A356- TiB2 (2, 3, 4, 5, 6 wt% TiB2) reaction time (20, 25, 30, 35, 40 min) temperature (800, 850, 900, 950, 1000°C) | In situ | Hardness (HV), UTS | Use of TiB2 has a significant influence in enriching the hardness and tensile strength of the AMCs. | [75] |
| AA6061-10%SiC-(0, 2.5, 5 wt % TiB2) | Stir casting | Hardness, tensile strength | Higher hardness was achieved at the percentage of Al-10%SiC-2.5TiB2 AMC and maximum tensile strength obtained at the percentage of Al-10%SiC-0%TiB2 AMC. | [76] |
| AA6061-5%, 10%TiB2-1, 2, 3, 4% Gr | Stir casting | Hardness, compressive strength, tensile strength | Hardness and UTS of the aluminum composites were superior to those of parent matrix alloy and it is enriched by the increasing content of 10 wt%TiB2 and 2 wt%Gr. | [77] |
| Al2014-TiB2 (0, 5 wt% TiB2 (5 wt%TiB2 + 0.5% Ceo2) | In situ casting | Hardness, tensile strength, yield strength | Hardness, yield, and tensile strength were superior to those of base alloy and they were enriched by augmenting the amount of filler content (TiB2 + CeO2). | [78] |
| AA2219-TiB2/ZrB2 (0, 3, 6%) | In situ casting | Microhardness (HV) | Microhardness of the composite was superior to that of basic alloy. | [79] |
| Commercial pure aluminum (CP)-TiB2 (0, 5 vol% TiB2, 5 vol%TiB2 + 0.5 wt%CeO2) | In situ casting | UTS, YS, elastic modulus | Mechanical properties of the experimental composites were superior to those of parent matrix alloy. | [80] |
| A356-TiB2 (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10%) At T6 treated | In situ composite | Vickers hardness (HV) | Microhardness was improved as compared to pure base matrix aluminum alloy. | [81] |
| Al-4 wt%Cu-5, 10, 15, 20%TiB2) | Hot isostatic processing | Hardness, yield strength, UTS | All these properties of the composite were superior to those of base material. | [82] |
| Al6061-TiB2 (10, 11, 12, 13, 14 wt% TiB2) | In situ casting process | Hardness, UTS | Peak UTS and hardness of the produced AMCs are obtained where the TiB2 content reached 14%. | [83] |
| A356-TiB2 (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 wt %) | Salt metal reaction process | Hardness, UTS, % elongation | Mechanical behaviors of the produced aluminum-based metal matrix composites were superior to those of nonreinforced alloy. | [84] |
| AA7075-TiB2 (0, 9 wt% TiB2) | In situ method | Microhardness and tensile strength | UTS and hardness of the AA7075-9 wt% titanium boride AMCs increased as compared to nonreinforced alloy matrix. | [85] |
| AA2009-TiB2 (8 wt% TiB2) solution temperature (498, 508, 520, 530°C) | Exothermic reaction process | Hardness and UTS | The manufactured AMCs reveal the maximum hardness after solution was treated at 530°C and the superior tensile strength after solution was treated at 520°C. | [86] |
| AA2024-TiB2 (0, 7 wt% TiB2) | Stir casting | Microhardness | Microhardness of the developed composite was higher than that of unreinforced monolithic alloy. | [87] |
| AA7075-TiB2 (0, 6, 9, 12 wt% TiB2) | In situ method | Microhardness and tensile strength | Mechanical properties of the manufactured composites were superior to those of monolithic alloy. Superior UTS and hardness of the proposed AMCs is achieved where the TiB2 content reached 12%. | [88] |
|
