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| Reference No | Authors | Findings of work |
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| 4 | Yu Zhang et al. | (1) The stabilization of electroplating waste sludge was done by using cement and coal fly ash.
(2) After stabilization, samples were made with a binder content 30% [cement (15%) and coal fly ash (15%)].
(3) The efficiency of the stabilization process is affected by different parameters like the quantity of cement, curing time, and coal fly ash/cement ratio.
(4) The stabilized sludge with no water content is suitable for highway construction as its unconfined compressive strength is as per requirements. |
| 5 | Haoxin Li et al. | (1) The main purpose of this investigation is to find out an innovative disposal method for electroplating waste sludge by mixing it into the preparation of decorative mortar as a green pigment.
(2) Electroplating sludge was added to cement mortar for @5% of the total mix. The test results show that electroplating sludge can adjust the mortar color well.
(3) Finally concluded that up to 5% of waste can be safely mixed in preparation of green pigment to make decorative mortar. |
| 6 | L. Pérez-Villarejo et al. | (1) The physical and chemical analysis of the galvanic waste sludge discovered that it contains quartz, calcite, etc. Therefore, it can be added to clay mix for production of bricks.
(2) The addition of galvanic waste sludge (1–5 wt.%) to the clay mix endorsed a substantial change in the properties of the bricks.
(3) The porosity of the bricks is reduced from 29% to 22% due to the mixing of galvanic waste sludge (up to 5 wt.%).
(4) There is a reduction in the density and shrinkage of bricks due to the mixing of galvanic waste sludge. |
| 7 | Lyu Honghong et al. | (1) Investigated the stabilization of sludge from electroplating industry by using biochar and iron sulphide by modest technique of treatment of sludge using ecologically responsive additives Biochar (BC) and Iron Sulfide (FeS).
(2) The results recommend that biochar and iron sulphide are effective, economical, and environmentally responsive preservatives for the control of heavy metals in sludge before landfill disposal. |
| 8 | A Gordon C. C et al. | (1) Experimented on a mix of an equivalent quantity of electroplating waste and calcium carbonate waste sludge and heated @ 1000°C for 4 hours.
(2) This heated waste blend mix displays pozzolanic and binding properties, so it can be used for partially replacing the cement as a binding material to stabilize the waste sludge.
(3) Then, the cement was replaced with this blended mix up to 40% by weight. A specimen made with this mix has superior compressive strength and the leaching of heavy metals are also under control. |
| 9 | Ming Xia et al. | (1) Studied the solidification of sludge from electroplating process industry with the help of fly ash and cement for production of nonburnt bricks.
(2) The five ingredient’s, such as electroplating sludge, fly ash, cement, fine stone, and sand, were mixed in the ratio of 33%, 25%, 21%, 17%, 4%, and alkali activators like NaOH and Na2SiO3 were added, and nonburnt bricks were produced.
(3) The compressive strength of bricks is up to 15 N/mm2. The homemade device for simulating rainfall was used for the risk calculation of bricks. Finally concluded that these bricks can be used for construction purposes. |
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