Review Article
Lignin as Green Filler in Polymer Composites: Development Methods, Characteristics, and Potential Applications
Table 2
Description of lignin as filler in lignin-based biocomposites.
| Polymer matrices | A common limitation in fabrication | Possible application of lignin-based composites |
| PLA | The need for compatibilizer | Packaging, food packaging | PVA | The hydrophilic properties of PVA | Packaging, drug delivery system, biomedical, wound healing application, agricultural application | Cellulose | The need for compatibilizer | Seed coating | Starch | The hydrophilic properties of starch | Packaging, food packaging | Epoxy | The need for compatibilizer due to the incompatibility resulted in hydrophilic properties | Coating | Natural rubber | The need for compatibilizer due to the incompatibility resulted in hydrophilic properties | Tire industry, automotive devices | Polypropylene | The need for compatibilizer due to the incompatibility; the reduction in elongation; the susceptibility to microorganism | Automotive devices | Commercial adhesives | Difficulties in particles distribution | Filler in adhesives system |
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