A Review on Machine Learning Models in Injection Molding Machines

Table 3

Defects in injection molding.

Defect	Causes	Prevention	Ref.
Warping	(i) Inadequate cooling time	(i) Improve mold design and increase cooling time	[44]
Flow lines	(i) A varying flow rate of molten material; (ii) Low injection pressure	(i) Maintain optimum injection pressure and rate; (ii) Modify the design to avoid sudden changes in mold thickness and direction	[45]
Weld lines	(i) Low injection pressure or speed; (ii) Low mold temperature; (iii) Gates and runners are not of adequate size	(i) Increase injection pressure and speed; (ii) Increase temperature of the mold	[45]
Flash	(i) Low clamping force; (ii) High injection pressure	(i) Reduce injection rate; (ii) Increase cycle time	[45]
Surface delamination	(i) Presence of contaminants or foreign particles	(i) Preheat the mold before molding; (ii) Increase the mold temperature	[45]
Burn marks	(i) High injection pressure; (ii) High screw speed	(i) Reduce injection pressure and speed; (ii) Reduce mold temperature	[46]
Sink marks	(i) Cooling time is not adequate; (ii) Small runners or gates; (iii) High mold temperature	(i) Lower mold temperature; (ii) Provide a uniform cooling rate by optimizing the thickness of the mold	[47]