Automated Particle Shape Identification and Quantification for DEM Simulation of Rockfill Materials in Subgrade Construction

Table 1

Basic particle morphology indicators that are widely used.

Parameter	Symbol	Geometric meaning
Particle size		The area bounded by a particle contour
Particle circumference		Particle contour perimeter
Feret’s diameter		“Ruler length” of corresponding direction angle
Length scale		Maximum Feret’s diameter
Vertical scale		Feret’s diameter orthogonal to the direction corresponding to the long scale (short scale)
Short scale		Minimum Feret’s diameter