Investigating the Effect of Calcium Lignosulfonate on the Durability and Performance of Asphalt Mixtures

Table 3

The virgin bitumen’s physical characteristics.

Test properties	Standard ASTM	Unit	Test result
Penetration @ 25 °C	D5	0.1 mm	67
Softening point	C36	°C	51
Viscosity @ 135 °C		Pa.s	0.354
Specific gravity	D70	Gr/	1.02
Ductility @ 25 °C	D113	Cm	+100
Flash point	D92	°C	280
PG		-	64–16