Effect of Crumb Rubber on the Moisture and Rutting Behavior of Low-Energy Asphalt and Determining the Best Flow Number Model

Table 3

Properties of crumb rubber.

Characteristics		Standards	Specification values		Results
			Min	Max
Physical	Moisture (%)	ASTM D 1864	—	0.75	0.43
	Density (g/cm^3)	ASTM D 5603-08	—	—	1.15
Chemical	Acetone extractive (%)	ASTM D 297	8	22	19
	Ash (%)		—	8	7.6
	Rubber hydrocarbon (%)		42	—	48