Jet-Impingement Effects of Alumina-Nanofluid on Aluminum and Copper

Figure 6

Average Ra roughness for alloy 110 copper before and after 3-, 7-, 14-, 28-, 56-, and 112-hour treatments with the reference fluid of 50/50% ethylene glycol in water and with nanofluid of 2% nanoalumina in reference fluid.