Review Article
Role of Nutrient-Sensing Signals in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy
Table 2
The activity and pathophysiological roles of AMPK in kidney disease.
| Experimental type | AMPK activity and Renal outcome | Mechanism | Reference |
| Diabetic models | | | | STZ-diabetic rats | AMPK expression↑, AMPK activity↓ | Unclear |
Cammisotto et al. [32] | STZ-diabetic rats | AMPK activity↓ | Plasma adiponectin↓ |
Guo and Zhao [33] | Treatment of AICAR and metformin (STZ-diabetic rats) | AMPK activity↑, renal hypertrophy↓ | Unclear | Lee et al. [34] | Db/db mice | AMPK activity↓ | Unclear | Kitada et al. [35] | High-fat diet-induced obese mice | AMPK activity↓, renal lipogenesis↑ | Unclear | Kume et al. [36] | Treatment of AICAR | AMPK activity↑, Albuminuria↓, and glomerular lesion↓ | Improvement of mitochondria dysfunction | Dugan et al. [37] | Nondiabetic models | | | | Adiponectin−/− mice | AMPK activity↓ in podocytes | Adiponectin deficiency | Sharma et al. [38] | Treatment of adiponectin and AICAR | AMPK activity↑ (podocytes, mesangial cells, and glomerular endothelial cells) | Adiponectin receptor-dependent |
Cammisotto and Bendayan [39] |
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STZ; streptozotocin, AICAR: 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1--d-ribofuranoside.
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