Extracts from Vatica diospyroides Type SS Fruit Show Low Dose Activity against MDA-MB-468 Breast Cancer Cell-Line via Apoptotic Action
Table 2
The acetone and methanol extracts of V. diospyroides type SS fruit at their IC50 concentrations (see Table 1) were inactive on normal Vero cells. The cell growth was assessed by a green fluorescent protein (GFP) assay.
Extract-fruit part
Extract concentrations (μg/mL)
% Cell growth*
Activity
IC50 (μg/mL)
Acetone-cotyledon
50.00
26.53 ± 11.34b
Cytotoxic
43.90 ± 4.67
16.67
102.74 ± 2.56a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
5.56
104.17 ± 14.26a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
1.85
108.71 ± 10.00a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
0.62
107.94 ± 10.79a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
0.21
110.78 ± 12.40a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
Acetone-pericarp
50.00
103.49 ± 32.03a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
16.67
114.56 ± 7.96a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
5.56
110.46 ± 11.19a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
1.85
108.13 ± 10.80a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
0.62
110.54 ± 5.94a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
0.21
111.26 ± 6.65a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
Methanol-cotyledon
50.00
88.01 ± 15.42a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
16.67
115.46 ± 11.87a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
5.56
112.69 ± 8.84a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
1.85
116.70 ± 11.63a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
0.62
116.26 ± 11.07a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
0.21
117.57 ± 7.79a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
Methanol-pericarp
50.00
25.34 ± 15.50b
Cytotoxic
48.75 ± 0.79
16.67
112.68 ± 6.99a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
5.56
104.09 ± 6.55a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
1.85
104.45 ± 11.47a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
0.62
104.64 ± 6.67a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
0.21
104.89 ± 9.67a
Noncytotoxic
N/A
N/A means not applicable IC50 calculation. -*Cell growth reduced to less than 50% would indicate cytotoxicity against the Vero cells; otherwise an extract was considered inactive and the IC50 level could not be determined (N/A). Three independent replicates were performed. -Different superscripts within a column indicate statistically significant differences in the Vero cell growth (mean ± SD) according to Tukey’s multiple comparison test.