The Evolution of Human Basophil Biology from Neglect towards Understanding of Their Immune Functions

Figure 3

Surface molecules (boxes) and secreted mediators (arrows) of human basophils. BAFF, B cell-activating factor; CxaR, anaphylatoxin receptors; CCL/CXCL, chemokine ligands; CCR, CXCR, chemokine receptors; CD, cluster of differentiation; CRTH2, chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on 2 cells; FcxR, immunoglobulin receptors; FPR, formyl peptide receptors; GM-CSFR, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor; IL, interleukin; IL-R, interleukin receptor; LepR, leptin receptor; LIR, leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor; LTC4, leukotriene C4; MMP-9, matrix metallopeptidase; NOD2, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2; PAF, platelet activating factor; SDF-1, stromal cell-derived factor 1; ST2, growth stimulation expressed gene 2; TLR, toll-like receptors; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha; TRAIL-R, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor; Trk-A, tropomyosin receptor kinase A; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin; TSLPR, thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor; VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor A.