The Evolution of Human Basophil Biology from Neglect towards Understanding of Their Immune Functions

Table 1

Stimulation of basophils by different mediators.

Immunoglobulins	Cyto-/chemokines; complement; growth factors	Bacteria-derived products
IgE	IL-3	fMLF
IgD	TSLP	Muramyl dipeptide
sIgA	IL-25	TLR ligands
IgG	IL-33	Proteases
	IL-18
	CXCL8/IL-8
	Complement
	IL-5
	GM-CSF
	NGF
	LIR7

Ig, immunoglobulin; sIg, secretory Ig; IL, interleukin; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin; CXCL, chemokine ligand; GM-CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor; NGF, nerve growth factor; LIR, leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor; fMLF, formyl-methionine-phenylalanine; TLR, toll-like receptor.