The Effect of Sodium Valproate on the Glioblastoma U87 Cell Line Tumor Development on the Chicken Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane and on EZH2 and p53 Expression

Figure 1

Tumor xenograft on CAM of nontreated and NaVP-treated U87 cells during days 9–12 of embryo development. Figure 1 represents the U87 cell tumor xenografts on CAM growth dynamics, which was photographed daily on days 9–12 of embryo development (EDD9–12): (a) represents nontreated tumors, (b) NaVP-treated (with 4 mM of NaVP) tumors, and (c) NaVP-treated (with 8 mM of NaVP) tumors. The clearness of expression of nontreated tumor edges from the EDD10 gradually diminishes. This is related to tumor cell penetration into the mesenchyme since the EDD10 and with a clear and fast U87 cell invagination in the mesenchyme (a). Around nontreated tumors, the spoked-wheel pattern is clearly expressed in the CAM on day EDD12 (a), while on the same day in the 4 mM and 8 mM NaVP-treated grafted tumors they failed to attract new blood vessels ((b) and (c), resp.). In the pictures of (c), the size of tumors treated with 8 mM of NaVP in EDD9–12 is more pronounced as compared with tumors in (b), which is related to tumor cell penetration into the mesenchyme after treatment with 4 mM of NaVP. In the pictures of (c), the spoked-wheel patterns are practically absent around the tumors. Scale bar: 1 mm.

(a) Nontreated

(b) NaVP-treated (4 mM)

(c) NaVP-treated (8 mM)