BioMed Research International
Volume 2017 (2017), Article ID 8584753, 8 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8584753
Hydrocephalus after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment
1Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
2Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
3Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
4Department of Preventive Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
5Department of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
6Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Correspondence should be addressed to Jianmin Zhang; moc.anis.piv@531mjz
Received 18 November 2016; Accepted 1 February 2017; Published 8 March 2017
Academic Editor: Robert M. Starke
Copyright © 2017 Sheng Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Linked References
- T. Garton, R. F. Keep, D. A. Wilkinson et al., “Intraventricular hemorrhage: the role of blood components in secondary injury and hydrocephalus,” Translational Stroke Research, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 447–451, 2016. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. Li, R. Pan, H. Wang et al., “Clipping versus coiling for ruptured intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” Stroke, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 29–37, 2013. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. D. Wilson, S. Safavi-Abbasi, H. Sun et al., “Meta-analysis and systematic review of risk factors for shunt dependency after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,” Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 126, no. 2, pp. 586–595, 2017. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- J. D. Hughes, R. Puffer, and A. A. Rabinstein, “Risk factors for hydrocephalus requiring external ventricular drainage in patients with intraventricular hemorrhage,” Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 123, no. 6, pp. 1439–1446, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. Yamada, M. Ishikawa, K. Yamamoto, T. Ino, T. Kimura, and S. Kobayashi, “Aneurysm location and clipping versus coiling for development of secondary normal-pressure hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Japanese Stroke DataBank,” Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 123, no. 6, pp. 1555–1561, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Q. Tan, Q. Chen, Z. Feng et al., “Cannabinoid receptor 2 activation restricts fibrosis and alleviates hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage,” Brain Research, vol. 1654, pp. 24–33, 2017. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- H. Yan, Y. Chen, L. Li et al., “Decorin alleviated chronic hydrocephalus via inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad/CTGF pathway after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats,” Brain Research, vol. 1630, pp. 241–253, 2016. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. Yolas, N. G. Ozdemir, A. Kanat et al., “Uncovering a new cause of obstructive hydrocephalus following subarachnoid hemorrhage: choroidal artery vasospasm-related ependymal cell degeneration and aqueductal stenosis—first experimental study,” World Neurosurgery, vol. 90, pp. 484–491, 2016. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- F. Wan, H.-J. Bai, J.-Q. Liu et al., “Proliferation and glia-directed differentiation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle and the migratory pathway to the lesions after cortical devascularization of adult rats,” BioMed Research International, vol. 2016, Article ID 3625959, 14 pages, 2016. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- N. L. Kallewaard, D. Corti, P. J. Collins et al., “Structure and function analysis of an antibody recognizing all Influenza A subtypes,” Cell, vol. 166, no. 3, pp. 596–608, 2016. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. Singh, S. K. Srivastava, T. K. Chaudhuri, and G. Upadhyay, “Multifaceted role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs),” Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, vol. 2, article 19, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- R. Kurogi, Y. Kikkawa, S. Matsuo, A. Nakamizo, M. Mizoguchi, and T. Sasaki, “Upregulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 contributes to restoration of the extracellular matrix in the rabbit basilar artery during cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage,” Brain Research, vol. 1616, pp. 26–36, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. Strahle, H. J. L. Garton, C. O. Maher, K. M. Muraszko, R. F. Keep, and G. Xi, “Mechanisms of hydrocephalus after neonatal and adult intraventricular hemorrhage,” Translational Stroke Research, vol. 3, supplement 1, pp. 25–38, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- I. Novitzky, N. J. Marianayagam, S. Weiss et al., “Comparison of neuroprotective effect of bevacizumab and sildenafil following induction of stroke in a mouse model,” BioMed Research International, vol. 2016, Article ID 3938523, 8 pages, 2016. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- E. Güresir, P. Schuss, V. Borger, and H. Vatter, “Experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage: double cisterna magna injection rat model—assessment of delayed pathological effects of cerebral vasospasm,” Translational Stroke Research, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 242–251, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. Chen, Q. Yang, G. Chen, and J. H. Zhang, “An update on inflammation in the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage,” Translational Stroke Research, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 4–8, 2014. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- G. Saliou, G. Paradot, C. Gondry et al., “A phase-contrast mri study of acute and chronic hydrodynamic alterations after hydrocephalus induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage,” Journal of Neuroimaging, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 343–350, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- G. Saliou, O. Balédent, P. Lehmann et al., “Acute CSF changes in the mesencephalon aqueduct after subarachnoid hemorrhage as measured by PC-MRI,” Journal of Neuroradiology, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 41–47, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. Kanat, O. Turkmenoglu, M. D. Aydin et al., “Toward changing of the pathophysiologic basis of acute hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a preliminary experimental study,” World Neurosurgery, vol. 80, no. 3-4, pp. 390–395, 2013. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. Gao, H. Du, Y. Hua, R. F. Keep, J. Strahle, and G. Xi, “Role of red blood cell lysis and iron in hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage,” Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 1070–1075, 2014. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. M. Strahle, T. Garton, A. A. Bazzi et al., “Role of Hemoglobin and Iron in hydrocephalus after neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage,” Neurosurgery, vol. 75, no. 6, pp. 696–706, 2014. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Q. Chen, J. Zhang, J. Guo et al., “Chronic hydrocephalus and perihematomal tissue injury developed in a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage with ventricular extension,” Translational Stroke Research, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 125–132, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Q. Chen, J. Tang, L. Tan et al., “Intracerebral hematoma contributes to hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage via aggravating iron accumulation,” Stroke, vol. 46, no. 10, pp. 2902–2908, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. J. Dixon, K. M. Lemberg, M. R. Lamprecht et al., “Ferroptosis: an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death,” Cell, vol. 149, no. 5, pp. 1060–1072, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. van Gijn, A. Hijdra, E. F. M. Wijdicks, M. Vermeulen, and H. van Crevel, “Acute hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,” Journal of Neurosurgery, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 355–362, 1985. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. J. J. Van Asch, I. C. Van Der Schaaf, and G. J. E. Rinkel, “Acute hydrocephalus and cerebral perfusion after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,” American Journal of Neuroradiology, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 67–70, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. Dupont and A. A. Rabinstein, “CT evaluation of lateral ventricular dilatation after subarachnoid hemorrhage: baseline bicaudate index balues,” Neurological Research, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 103–106, 2013. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. O. Erixon, A. Sorteberg, W. Sorteberg, and P. K. Eide, “Predictors of shunt dependency after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: results of a single-center clinical trial,” Acta Neurochirurgica, vol. 156, no. 11, pp. 2059–2069, 2014. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. Dupont and A. A. Rabinstein, “Extent of acute hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage as a risk factor for poor functional outcome,” Neurological Research, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 107–110, 2013. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. de Bresser, J. D. Schaafsma, M. J. A. Luitse, M. A. Viergever, G. J. E. Rinkel, and G. J. Biessels, “Quantification of structural cerebral abnormalities on MRI 18 months after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients who received endovascular treatment,” Neuroradiology, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 269–274, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- L. Ben-Sira, N. Goder, H. Bassan et al., “Clinical benefits of diffusion tensor imaging in hydrocephalus,” Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 195–202, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- Y. Serulle, R. V. Pawar, J. Eubig et al., “Diffusional kurtosis imaging in hydrocephalus,” Magnetic Resonance Imaging, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 531–536, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. Nakanishi, I. Fukunaga, M. Hori et al., “Microstructural changes of the corticospinal tract in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a comparison of diffusion tensor and diffusional kurtosis imaging,” Neuroradiology, vol. 55, no. 8, pp. 971–976, 2013. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- K. Ito, Y. Asano, Y. Ikegame, and J. Shinoda, “Differences in brain metabolic impairment between chronic mild/moderate TBI patients with and without visible brain lesions based on MRI,” BioMed Research International, vol. 2016, Article ID 3794029, 8 pages, 2016. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- E. S. Connolly, A. A. Rabinstein, J. R. Carhuapoma et al., “Guidelines for the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the american heart association/american stroke association,” Stroke, vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 1711–1737, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. M. Naidech, N. F. Rosenberg, M. B. Maas, B. R. Bendok, H. H. Batjer, and A. J. Nemeth, “Predictors of hemorrhage volume and disability after perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage,” Neurology, vol. 78, no. 11, pp. 811–815, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- B. L. Hoh, D. T. Kleinhenz, Y.-Y. Chi, J. Mocco, and F. G. Barker II, “Incidence of ventricular shunt placement for hydrocephalus with clipping versus coiling for ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms in the nationwide inpatient sample database: 2002 to 2007,” World Neurosurgery, vol. 76, no. 6, pp. 548–554, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. Yamada, H. Nakase, Y.-S. Park, F. Nishimura, and I. Nakagawa, “Discriminant analysis prediction of the need for ventriculoperitoneal shunt after subarachnoid hemorrhage,” Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 493–497, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. R. Del Bigio and D. L. Di Curzio, “Nonsurgical therapy for hydrocephalus: a comprehensive and critical review,” Fluids and Barriers of the CNS, vol. 13, article 3, 2016. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. Xu, G. Tan, S. Zhang et al., “Minocycline reduces reactive gliosis in the rat model of hydrocephalus,” BMC Neuroscience, vol. 13, article 148, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. Klebe, P. R. Krafft, C. Hoffmann et al., “Acute and delayed deferoxamine treatment attenuates long-term sequelae after germinal matrix hemorrhage in neonatal rats,” Stroke, vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 2475–2479, 2014. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. Shao, Z. Wang, H. Wu et al., “Enhancement of autophagy by histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A ameliorates neuronal apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats,” Molecular Neurobiology, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 18–27, 2016. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. J. Komotar, A. Olivi, D. Rigamonti et al., “Microsurgical fenestration of the lamina terminalis reduces the incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,” Neurosurgery, vol. 51, no. 6, pp. 1403–1413, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- F. Tomasello, D. D'Avella, and O. De Divitiis, “Does lamina terminalis fenestration reduce the incidence of chronic hydrocephalus after subarachnoid hemorrhage?” Neurosurgery, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 827–832, 1999. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- L. Rangel-Castilla, S. W. Hwang, A. Jea, and J. Torres-Corzo, “Efficacy and safety of endoscopic transventricular lamina terminalis fenestration for hydrocephalus,” Neurosurgery, vol. 71, no. 2, pp. 464–473, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. Hatefi, S. Azhary, H. Naebaghaee, H. R. Mohamadi, and M. Jaafarpour, “The effect of fenestration of lamina terminalis on the vasospasm and shunt-dependent hydrocephalus in patients following subarachnoid haemorrhage,” Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. PC15–PC18, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. K. Tso, G. M. Ibrahim, and R. L. Macdonald, “Predictors of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,” World Neurosurgery, vol. 86, pp. 226–232, 2016. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. A. Zaidi, A. Montoure, A. Elhadi et al., “Long-term functional outcomes and predictors of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms in the BRAT trial: revisiting the clip vs coil debate,” Neurosurgery, vol. 76, no. 5, pp. 608–615, 2015. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Y. Wu, “Ventriculoperitoneal shunt complications in California: 1990 to 2000,” Neurosurgery, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 557–563, 2007. View at Google Scholar
- G. K. Reddy, “Ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery and the incidence of shunt revision in adult patients with hemorrhage-related hydrocephalus,” Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, vol. 114, no. 9, pp. 1211–1216, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus