Identification of Multiple Dehalogenase Genes Involved in Tetrachloroethene-to-Ethene Dechlorination in a Dehalococcoides-Dominated Enrichment Culture

Figure 5

Neighbor-joining tree of RdhAs detected in the YN3–Dehalococcoides metagenome. The tree shows the phylogeny of RdhAs detected in YN3–Dehalococcoides-metagenome (inside boxes) and other RdhAs from Dehalococcoides and non-Dehalococcoides dehalorespiring bacteria. Red, blue, and green solid circles indicate RdhAs in the Pinellas, Cornell, and Victoria subgroups of genus Dehalococcoides, respectively, while violet indicates those of non-Dehalococcoides dehalorespirators. Superscript numbers 1–14 indicate biochemically characterized RdhAs and their substrate(s) as follows: ¹PceA (AAW40342): RdhA for PCE [17]; ²TceA (AAW39060): RdhA for TCE, cis-DCE, 1,1-DCE, 1,2-DCA, and 1,2-dibromoethane [18]; ³BvcA (ABQ17429): RdhA for cis-DCE, trans-DCE, 1,1-DCE, 1,2-DCA, and VC [16, 22]; ⁴VcrA (AAQ94119): RdhA for TCE, cis-DCE, trans-DCE, 1,1-DCE, and VC [15]; ⁵CbrA (CAI82345): RdhA for 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene, 1,2,3-tetrachlorobenzene and pentachlorobenzene [29]; ⁶PcbA4 (WP_041340852): RdhA for PCB and PCE [24]; ⁷PcbA5 (AII60305): RdhA for PCB and PCE [24]; ⁸PcbA1 (AII58466): RdhA for PCB and PCE [24]; ⁹DcaA (CAJ75430): RdhA for 1,2-DCA [30]; ¹⁰PceA (CAD28790): RdhA for PCE and TCE [31]; ¹¹CprA (AAQ54585): RdhA for 3,5-dichlorophenol, 2,3,5-trichlorophenol, PCP, 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol, 3,4,5-trichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, and 2,4-dichlorophenol [32]; ¹²PceA (AAC60788): RdhA for PCE and TCE [33]; ¹³CfrA (AFQ20272): RdhA for 1,1,1-trichloroethane and chloroform [34]; ¹⁴CprA (AAG49543): RdhA for orthochlorophenols [35].