Particles evaluated Potential role Literature Antigen Ki-67, survivin, Bcl-2 Elevated expression of antigen Ki-67 as a marker of malignant transformation of IP Tsou et al., 2014 [17 ] Ki-67 may reflect activity of the tumor cells’ proliferation and may be used to measure IP proliferation rate Meng et al., 2014 [18 ] Higher expression of Ki-67 antigen in IP than in an inflammatory condition Mumbuc et al., 2007 [19 ] Positive correlation of nuclear (noncytoplasmic) immunoexpression of survivin and antigen Ki-67 and oncoprotein Bcl-2 in both evaluated tumors: IP and SCC Stasikowska-Kanicka et al., 2013 [20 ] Immunoexpression of survivin, antigen Ki-67, and oncoprotein Bcl-2 was substantially higher in SCC than in IP and the controls Stasikowska-Kanicka et al., 2013 [20 ] Lu et al., 2014 [21 ] Nuclear survivin and immunoexpression of antigen Ki-67 were substantially higher in IP group as compared to the controls Stasikowska-Kanicka et al., 2013 [20 ] Wnt proteins Proteins of Wnt pathway, such as beta-catenin, cyclin D1, and Dvl-1 may have a key role in IP malignancy. Their levels correlate with IP stage Jung et al., 2015 [22 ] Metallothionein 2A Protein involved in proliferation and infiltration mechanisms may be associated with pathogenesis of IP and also with increased local malignancy in IP Starska et al., 2015 [23 ] CCAAT or C/EBPs proteins Significantly higher amount of C/EBP-alpha expressed upon IP recurrence than in primary tumor Shabana et al., 2013 [24 ] C/EBP and CK10 They may be valuable markers of IP recurrence Yaun et al., 2015 [25 ] E-Cadherin and -catenin Markers helpful in monitoring of IP transformation into a malignant tumor Koo et al., 2011 [26 ] Proteins p16, p53, EGFR, and cyclin D1 Markers potentially helpful in monitoring of IP patients Lin et al., 2013 [27 ] Yamashita et al., 2015 [28 ] Chao and Fang, 2008 [29 ] Mumbuc et al., 2007 [19 ] PLUNC Elevated expression in IP with multiple recurrence Tsou et al., 2014 [17 ] SCCA Elevated level of SCCA correlates with IP, which can be used postoperatively for early or hidden recurrence diagnosis Matoušek et al., 2014 [30 ] Suzuki et al., 2012 [31 ] Yamashita et al., 2016 [32 ] van Zijl et al., 2017 [33 ] Yasumatsu et al., 2005 [34 ] SCCA2/SCCA1 Can be helpful to detect SCC malignant transformation in IP patients Suzuki et al., 2012 [31 ]