<i  >Purpose</i>. The aim of this study is the presentation of subfoveal choroidal thickness with enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) several months after scleral buckling with encircling band surgery. <i  >Methods</i>. 48 patients who underwent scleral buckling with encircling band surgery for unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were included in the retrospective observational study. The mean time from scleral buckling surgery to the final EDI-OCT examination was <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.3003pt;width:54.174999px;" id="M1" height="11.4" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 54.174999 11.4" width="54.174999"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.963)"><path id="x32" d="M412 140l28 -9q0 -2 -35 -131h-373v23q112 112 161 170q59 70 92 127t33 115q0 63 -31 98t-86 35q-75 0 -137 -93l-22 20l57 81q55 59 135 59q69 0 118.5 -46.5t49.5 -122.5q0 -62 -29.5 -114t-102.5 -130l-141 -149h186q42 0 58.5 10.5t38.5 56.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.155,10.963)"><path id="xB1" d="M535 290h-212v-206h-58v206h-213v50h213v193h58v-193h212v-50zM535 -22h-483v50h483v-50z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,33.907,10.963)"><path id="x36" d="M137 343l67 33q37 17 63 17q79 0 129.5 -53t50.5 -131q0 -92 -58 -156.5t-147 -64.5t-147 68t-58 182q0 63 17 119t43 95.5t61.5 72t69 52t67.5 31.5q62 22 128 33l6 -32q-56 -11 -108 -35q-149 -71 -184 -231zM227 337q-47 0 -95 -27q-6 -23 -6 -70q0 -93 36 -155.5&#xA;t96 -62.5q53 0 78 45.5t25 105.5q0 68 -35 116t-99 48z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.066,10.963)"><path id="x2E" d="M113 -12q-24 0 -39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t40 16.5t40 -16.5t16 -40.5q0 -26 -16 -42t-41 -16z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,45.942,10.963)"><path id="x37" d="M447 623l8 -12l-283 -613l-74 -10l-7 11q174 283 297 551h-216q-48 0 -62.5 -12t-33.5 -63h-29q10 60 18 148h382z" /></g>

		
	
</svg> months. We compare choroidal thickness between operated and fellow eyes. <i  >Results</i>. In all patients, the macula was detached before the surgery. The subfoveal choroidal thickness in 48 treated eyes was <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.3003pt;width:82.525002px;" id="M2" height="11.4" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 82.525002 11.4" width="82.525002"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x36"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,16.381,10.963)"><path id="x30" d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105&#xA;q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,24.541,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.416,10.963)"><path id="x39" d="M244 635q90 0 143 -72t53 -177q0 -133 -65 -229.5t-171 -139.5q-79 -32 -140 -32l-5 30q109 18 185 91t101 186l-68 -36q-29 -16 -60 -16q-79 0 -129 51.5t-50 130.5q0 80 57 146.5t149 66.5zM228 602q-52 0 -78 -45.5t-26 -98.5q0 -69 36.5 -115.5t97.5 -46.5&#xA;q53 0 90 28q4 31 4 66q0 51 -9.5 95.5t-39 80.5t-75.5 36z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,40.35,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#xB1"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,54.102,10.963)"><path id="x34" d="M456 178h-96v-72q0 -51 12.5 -62.5t72.5 -16.5v-27h-256v27q65 5 78 17t13 62v72h-260v28q182 271 300 426h40v-407h96v-47zM280 225v295h-2q-107 -148 -196 -295h198z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,62.261,10.963)"><path id="x35" d="M153 550l-26 -186q79 31 111 31q90 0 141.5 -51t51.5 -119q0 -93 -89 -166q-85 -69 -173 -71q-32 0 -61.5 11.5t-41.5 23.5q-18 17 -17 34q2 16 22 33q14 9 26 -1q61 -50 124 -50q60 0 93 43.5t33 104.5q0 69 -41.5 110t-121.5 41q-53 0 -102 -20l38 305h286l6 -8&#xA;l-26 -65h-233z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,70.42,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,74.296,10.963)"><path id="x38" d="M249 635q70 0 116 -43t46 -105q0 -46 -28 -80q-22 -25 -80 -64q62 -35 97 -75t35 -99q0 -81 -63 -131t-135 -50q-83 0 -137.5 45.5t-54.5 123.5q0 52 45 95q29 28 89 64q-109 62 -109 155q0 66 50.5 115t128.5 49zM238 603q-42 0 -67.5 -31t-25.5 -72q0 -50 32.5 -79.5&#xA;t98.5 -62.5q61 48 61 124q0 59 -29.5 90t-69.5 31zM248 20q46 0 76.5 33.5t30.5 89.5q0 50 -39 85.5t-110 71.5q-81 -54 -81 -137q0 -67 35.5 -105t87.5 -38z" /></g>

		
	
</svg>&#x2009;<i  >&#xb5;</i>m (range 155&#x2013;383&#x2009;<i  >&#xb5;</i>m) and in the fellow eyes was <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.3003pt;width:82.525002px;" id="M3" height="11.4" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 82.525002 11.4" width="82.525002"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x32"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.963)"><path id="x31" d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,16.381,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x37"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,24.541,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,28.416,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x35"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,40.35,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#xB1"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,54.102,10.963)"><path id="x33" d="M285 378v-2q65 -13 102 -54.5t37 -97.5q0 -57 -30.5 -104.5t-74 -75t-85.5 -42t-72 -14.5q-31 0 -59.5 11t-40.5 23q-19 18 -16 36q1 16 23 33q13 10 24 0q58 -51 124 -51q55 0 88 40t33 112q0 64 -39 96.5t-88 32.5q-29 0 -64 -11l-6 29q77 25 118 57.5t41 84.5&#xA;q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,62.261,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x36"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,70.42,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,74.296,10.963)"><use xlink:href="#x37"/></g>

		
	
</svg>&#x2009;<i  >&#xb5;</i>m (range 98&#x2013;326&#x2009;<i  >&#xb5;</i>m). The subfoveal choroidal thickness of eyes after scleral buckling surgery in long-term EDI-OCT examination was significantly thicker (<svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:66.875px;" id="M4" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 66.875 11.375" width="66.875"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.112)"><path id="x1D443" d="M619 482q0 -69 -40.5 -119t-96 -72.5t-118.5 -26.5h-44l-70 20l-31 -151q-14 -67 0.5 -83t89.5 -22l-5 -28h-287l8 28q65 7 81.5 22t29.5 83l79 398q12 56 0.5 70.5t-78.5 20.5l7 28h255q108 0 164 -43t56 -125zM524 478q0 141 -146 141q-25 0 -47 -8q-16 -6 -20.5 -13.5&#xA;t-10.5 -39.5l-43 -241q37 -13 83 -13q67 0 125.5 45t58.5 129z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,15.582,11.112)"><path id="x3C" d="M512 -3l-437 233v51l437 233v-58l-378 -200v-2l378 -199v-58z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,30.286,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,38.446,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.321,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,50.481,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,58.64,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g>

		
	
</svg>) than in fellow eyes. <i  >Conclusions</i>. The subfoveal choroid in eyes undergoing encircling band surgery was significantly thicker than in fellow eyes. We suspect that this may be the result of reduced choroidal blood flow. It also seems that the width and size of the material used in scleral buckling surgery may affect a change in the choroid circulation and increase subfoveal choroidal thickness.

Dominik Odrobina

Iwona Lauda&#x144;ska-Olszewska

Piotr Gozdek

Mariusz Maroszy&#x144;ski

Michael Amon

Influence of Scleral Buckling Surgery with Encircling Band on Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Long-Term Observations

<i  >Background</i>. To compare the efficacy and safety of a new ocular insert versus conventional mydriasis in cataract surgery. <i  >Methods</i>. We selected 70 patients undergoing cataract surgery. Thirty five  patients (Group 1) received instillation of mydriatic drops (tropicamide 1&#x25;, phenylephrine 10&#x25;, and cyclopentolate 1&#x25;) prior to surgery, and 35 patients (Group 2) had a Mydriasert insert (Th&#xe9;a Pharma) (0.28&#x2009;mg of tropicamide and 5.4&#x2009;mg of phenylephrine hydrochloride) placed in the inferior fornix. Pupil size before and after surgery, blood pressure, and heart rate were measured. <i  >Results</i>. Before surgery, pupil diameter was <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.3003pt;width:74.362503px;" id="M1" height="11.2875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 74.362503 11.2875" width="74.362503"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path id="x39" d="M244 635q90 0 143 -72t53 -177q0 -133 -65 -229.5t-171 -139.5q-79 -32 -140 -32l-5 30q109 18 185 91t101 186l-68 -36q-29 -16 -60 -16q-79 0 -129 51.5t-50 130.5q0 80 57 146.5t149 66.5zM228 602q-52 0 -78 -45.5t-26 -98.5q0 -69 36.5 -115.5t97.5 -46.5&#xA;q53 0 90 28q4 31 4 66q0 51 -9.5 95.5t-39 80.5t-75.5 36z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.862)"><path id="x2E" d="M113 -12q-24 0 -39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t40 16.5t40 -16.5t16 -40.5q0 -26 -16 -42t-41 -16z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,12.098,10.862)"><path id="x34" d="M456 178h-96v-72q0 -51 12.5 -62.5t72.5 -16.5v-27h-256v27q65 5 78 17t13 62v72h-260v28q182 271 300 426h40v-407h96v-47zM280 225v295h-2q-107 -148 -196 -295h198z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.257,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x34"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,32.19,10.862)"><path id="xB1" d="M535 290h-212v-206h-58v206h-213v50h213v193h58v-193h212v-50zM535 -22h-483v50h483v-50z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,45.942,10.862)"><path id="x31" d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,54.102,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,57.977,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,66.137,10.862)"><path id="x37" d="M447 623l8 -12l-283 -613l-74 -10l-7 11q174 283 297 551h-216q-48 0 -62.5 -12t-33.5 -63h-29q10 60 18 148h382z" /></g>

		
	
</svg>&#x2009;mm in Group 1 and <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.3003pt;width:74.362503px;" id="M2" height="11.2875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 74.362503 11.2875" width="74.362503"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x39"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,12.098,10.862)"><path id="x30" d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105&#xA;q0 -76 10 -138.5t37 -107.5t69 -45q32 0 55.5 25t35.5 68.5t17.5 91.5t5.5 105t-5.5 105.5t-18 92t-36 68t-56.5 24.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.257,10.862)"><path id="x35" d="M153 550l-26 -186q79 31 111 31q90 0 141.5 -51t51.5 -119q0 -93 -89 -166q-85 -69 -173 -71q-32 0 -61.5 11.5t-41.5 23.5q-18 17 -17 34q2 16 22 33q14 9 26 -1q61 -50 124 -50q60 0 93 43.5t33 104.5q0 69 -41.5 110t-121.5 41q-53 0 -102 -20l38 305h286l6 -8&#xA;l-26 -65h-233z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,32.19,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#xB1"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,45.942,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,54.102,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,57.977,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x35"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,66.137,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x34"/></g>

		
	
</svg> in Group 2 (<svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:58.712502px;" id="M3" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 58.712502 11.375" width="58.712502"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.112)"><path id="x1D443" d="M619 482q0 -69 -40.5 -119t-96 -72.5t-118.5 -26.5h-44l-70 20l-31 -151q-14 -67 0.5 -83t89.5 -22l-5 -28h-287l8 28q65 7 81.5 22t29.5 83l79 398q12 56 0.5 70.5t-78.5 20.5l7 28h255q108 0 164 -43t56 -125zM524 478q0 141 -146 141q-25 0 -47 -8q-16 -6 -20.5 -13.5&#xA;t-10.5 -39.5l-43 -241q37 -13 83 -13q67 0 125.5 45t58.5 129z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,15.582,11.112)"><path id="x3E" d="M512 230l-437 -233v58l378 199v2l-378 200v58l437 -233v-51z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,30.286,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,38.446,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.321,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,50.481,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x35"/></g>

		
	
</svg>). Twenty four hours after surgery, pupil diameter was <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.3003pt;width:74.362503px;" id="M4" height="11.2875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 74.362503 11.2875" width="74.362503"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x35"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,12.098,10.862)"><path id="x32" d="M412 140l28 -9q0 -2 -35 -131h-373v23q112 112 161 170q59 70 92 127t33 115q0 63 -31 98t-86 35q-75 0 -137 -93l-22 20l57 81q55 59 135 59q69 0 118.5 -46.5t49.5 -122.5q0 -62 -29.5 -114t-102.5 -130l-141 -149h186q42 0 58.5 10.5t38.5 56.5z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.257,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,32.19,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#xB1"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,45.942,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,54.102,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,57.977,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x35"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,66.137,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x34"/></g>

		
	
</svg>&#x2009;mm in Group 1 and <svg     style="vertical-align:-0.3003pt;width:74.362503px;" id="M5" height="11.2875" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 74.362503 11.2875" width="74.362503"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,10.862)"><path id="x33" d="M285 378v-2q65 -13 102 -54.5t37 -97.5q0 -57 -30.5 -104.5t-74 -75t-85.5 -42t-72 -14.5q-31 0 -59.5 11t-40.5 23q-19 18 -16 36q1 16 23 33q13 10 24 0q58 -51 124 -51q55 0 88 40t33 112q0 64 -39 96.5t-88 32.5q-29 0 -64 -11l-6 29q77 25 118 57.5t41 84.5&#xA;q0 45 -26.5 69.5t-68.5 24.5q-67 0 -120 -79l-20 20l43 63q51 56 127 56h1q66 0 107 -37t41 -95q0 -42 -31 -71q-22 -23 -68 -54z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,8.222,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,12.098,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x33"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.257,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x33"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,32.19,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#xB1"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,45.942,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,54.102,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,57.977,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,66.137,10.862)"><use xlink:href="#x35"/></g>

		
	
</svg> in Group 2 (<svg     style="vertical-align:-0.1638pt;width:66.875px;" id="M6" height="11.375" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 66.875 11.375" width="66.875"  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
	
		
			<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x1D443"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,15.582,11.112)"><path id="x3C" d="M512 -3l-437 233v51l437 233v-58l-378 -200v-2l378 -199v-58z" /></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,30.286,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,38.446,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x2E"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,42.321,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,50.481,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x30"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,58.64,11.112)"><use xlink:href="#x31"/></g>

		
	
</svg>). There were no statistically significant differences in blood pressure or heart rate between groups. <i  >Conclusions</i>. The effect of the Mydriasert insert was similar to conventional mydriatic agents. Pupil size was restored to normal faster when using the Mydriasert insert compared with conventional mydriatic agents for pupil dilation.

C. Torr&#xf3;n

P. Calvo

O. Ruiz-Moreno

J. Leci&#xf1;ena

A. P&#xe9;rez-I&#xf1;igo

Use of a New Ocular Insert versus Conventional Mydriasis in Cataract Surgery

<i>Purpose</i>. In order to establish inspection routines for individual intraocular lenses (IOLs), their surfaces have to be measured separately. Currently available measurement devices lack this functionality. The purpose of this study is to evaluate a new topography measurement device based on wavefront analysis for measuring individual regular and freeform IOL surfaces, the &#x201c;WaveMaster Reflex UV&#x201d; (Trioptics, Wedel, Germany). <i>Methods</i>. Measurements were performed on IOLs with increasingly complex surface geometries: spherical surfaces, surfaces modelled by higher-order Zernike terms, and freeform surfaces from biometrical patient data. Two independent parameters were measured: the sample&#x2019;s radius of curvature (ROC) and its residual (difference of sample topography and its best-fit sphere). We used a quantitative analysis method by calculating the residuals&#x2019; root-mean-square (RMS) and peak-to-Valley (P2V) values. <i>Results</i>. The sample&#x2019;s best-fit ROC differences increased with the sample&#x2019;s complexity. The sample&#x2019;s differences of RMS values were 80&#x2009;nm for spherical surfaces, 97&#x2009;nm for higher-order samples, and 21&#x2009;nm for freeform surfaces. Graphical representations of both measurement and design topographies were recorded and compared. <i>Conclusion</i>. The measurements of spherical surfaces expectedly resulted in better values than those of freeform surfaces. Overall, the wavefront analysing method proves to be an effective method for evaluating individual IOL surfaces.

Marc Kannengie&#xdf;er

Achim Langenbucher

Edgar Janunts

Individual IOL Surface Topography Analysis by the WaveMaster Reflex UV

Integrins are a family of membrane-spanning proteins that are important receptors for cell adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins. They also provide connections between the extracellular environment and intracellular cytoskeletons and are responsible for activation of many intracellular signaling pathways. In vitro and in vivo data strongly indicate that integrin-mediated signaling events can modulate the organization of the actin cytoskeleton in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells and are associated with astrocyte migration and microglia activation of the optic nerve head in patients with primary open angle glaucoma. Consequently, increase in resistance in the TM outflow pathways and remodeling of the optic nerve head occur, which in turn increases intraocular pressure (IOP), adds additional mechanical stress and strain to optic nerve axons, and accelerates damage of axons initially caused by optic nerve head remodeling. Integrins appear to be ideal candidates for translating physical stress and strain into cellular responses known to occur in glaucomatous optic neuropathy.

Yisheng Zhong

Jing Wang

Xunda Luo

Integrins in Trabecular Meshwork and Optic Nerve Head: Possible Association with the Pathogenesis of Glaucoma

The exact mechanisms of HSV-1 establishment, maintenance, latency, reactivation, and also the courses of recurrent ocular infections remain a mystery. Comprehensive understanding of the HSV-1 disease process could lead to prevention of HSV-1 acute infection, reactivation, and more effective treatments of recurrent ocular disease. Animal models have been used for over sixty years to investigate our concepts and hypotheses of HSV-1 diseases. In this paper we present descriptions and examples of rabbit and mouse eye models of HSV-1 latency, reactivation, and recurrent diseases. We summarize studies in animal models of spontaneous and induced HSV-1 reactivation and recurrent disease. Numerous stimuli that induce reactivation in mice and rabbits are described, as well as factors that inhibit viral reactivation from latency. The key features, advantages, and disadvantages of the mouse and rabbit models in relation to the study of ocular HSV-1 are discussed. This paper is pertinent but not intended to be all inclusive. We will give examples of key papers that have reported novel discoveries related to the review topics.

Jody M. Webre

James M. Hill

Nicole M. Nolan

Christian Clement

Harris E. McFerrin

Partha S. Bhattacharjee

Victor Hsia

Donna M. Neumann

Timothy P. Foster

Walter J. Lukiw

Hilary W. Thompson

Rabbit and Mouse Models of HSV-1 Latency, Reactivation, and Recurrent Eye Diseases

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the common complications of diabetes. Unfortunately, in many cases the patient is not aware of any symptoms until it is too late for effective treatment. Through analysis of evoked potential response of the retina, the optical nerve, and the optical brain center, a way will be paved for early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and prognosis during the treatment process. In this paper, we present an artificial-neural-network-based method to classify diabetic retinopathy subjects according to changes in visual evoked potential spectral components and an anatomically realistic computer model of the human eye under normal and retinopathy conditions in a virtual environment using 3D Max Studio and Windows Movie Maker.

R. Sivakumar

G. Ravindran

M. Muthayya

S. Lakshminarayanan

C. U. Velmurughendran

Diabetic Retinopathy Analysis

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<p><em>BioMed Research International</em> publishes original research articles and&nbsp;review articles covering a wide range of subjects within the biomedical sciences. The journal will accept both basic and translational research.</p>


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BioMed Research International publishes original research articles and review articles covering a wide range of subjects within the biomedical sciences. The journal will accept both basic and translational research.

BioMed Research International