The uterus is the central pelvic and reproductive female organ. Hysterectomy is the most frequent gynaecological intervention. There is a broad variety of indications in benign and malignant diseases. The different uterine functions and the role of hysterectomy regarding its importance, indications, and techniques are matter of current scientific discussion.

Currently, the types and techniques of hysterectomy and specimen extraction techniques for different indications (e.g., endometriosis, adenomyosis, uterine cancer) are under discussion. This includes social, psychological, and economical aspects. New techniques such as high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) represent alternatives to hysterectomy for some indications. As we currently increase our understanding of different uterine functions in a woman’s lifespan, we require a new perspective on the central pelvic organ.

The aim of this Special Issue is to describe the significance of the uterus in a woman’s life span and to highlight the actual trends in hysterectomy, to help summarise current scientific knowledge about the subject into a comprehensive guideline. We solicit original research articles and review articles discussing the state of the art in this field, especially regarding epidemiological factors, economical aspects, indications, and technical issues. We hope that this proposal will foster discussion between researchers about the role of the uterus in patients with different lifespan development.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Global view of epidemiological factors and techniques of hysterectomy
• Functions of the uterus at different lifespan developments in women
• The effects of hysterectomy on quality of life and psychology
• Health economics of various surgical approaches for hysterectomy
• Advantages and Disadvantages of hysterectomy
• Specimen extraction techniques in hysterectomy
• Hysterectomy in pelvic floor surgery
• Role of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy in cervical and endometrial cancer
• Hysterectomy in patients with endometriosis
• HIFU and RFA as alternatives to hysterectomy
• Complications of hysterectomy
• Hysterectomy for postpartum haemorrhage