Percutaneous endoscopic procedures demonstrate equivalent clinical outcomes compared to the traditional open microsurgery with less tissue trauma and better cosmesis. Additionally, shorter hospital stay, more rapid rehabilitation, and lower cost of postoperative care may result in an economic benefit. The technical evolution has been outstanding because of the improvement in surgical approaches, optics design, and surgical instruments. Due to the technical development in this field, the paradigm of percutaneous endoscopic spine surgery is shifting. The increase in the number of elderly patients and the need for an early return to work facilitate the development of percutaneous endoscopic decompression and fusion techniques in cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine.

The purpose of this special issue is to describe the current cutting-edge techniques of percutaneous endoscopic spine surgery for various spinal disorders and to discuss the future direction of the technique. Here, we invite researchers to submit original research articles and reviews relevant to this special issue.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Percutaneous endoscopic cervical, lumbar, and thoracic discectomy
• Percutaneous endoscopic cervical, lumbar, and thoracic decompression
• Uniportal and biportal percutaneous endoscopic spinal surgery
• Epiduroscopic approach for degenerative lumbar spine
• Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion
• Percutaneous endoscopic anterior, posterior, and posterolateralapproach in the degenerative spinal diseases
• Inside-out and outside-in approach to the percutaneous endoscopiclumbar spinal surgery
• Percutaneous endoscopic or endoscope assisted spinal surgery