Depression and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Expression Pattern of Calbindin Immunoreactivity in Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus of Patients Who Underwent Epilepsy Surgery with and without Comorbid Depression

Figure 2

Hippocampal sections from postmortem control (a) and TLE with HS (b–i). PL: polymorphic layer; ML: molecular layer; GL: granular cell layer. (a) Qualitative analysis of postmortem control shows homogeneous CB+ granular cell morphology and staining and the absence of GL dispersion and/or ectopic localization. (b–e) Qualitative examination of dentate gyrus sections from TLE patients showed lower CB+ cell density among all dentate gyri (cases 5, 6, 14, and 15 of Table 1). (f–i) Qualitative examination of dentate gyrus sections from TLE+D patients showed a pattern with a reduced number of CB+ granular cells predominantly among basal layers (basal granule cells are predominantly CB negative), with a great proportion of strong CB+ cells located in outer layers, with CB-positive arborization (CB+ sprouted cells), ectopic localization (inner molecular layers), higher CB+ content (higher staining intensity and CB+ area), and longer apical CB+ sprouted fibers projecting into ML (arrows). Basal CB+ sprouted processes are also observed (cases 20, 21, 23, and 24 of Table 1). Magnification (20x), scale bar 30 μm.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(i)