Research Article

Chemical Composition, Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of the Leaves and Fruit Pulp of Annona muricata L. (Soursop) from Ghana

Table 5

Comparison of leaf and fruit pulp essential oil composition from different studies.

SourceLocationConstituents (% composition)

Leaves
Present findingsGhanaδ-Cadinene (22.58), α-muurolene (10.64), andrographolide (6.51), τ-cadinol (6.47), ledene oxide (II) (6.29), α-cadinol (5.65), β-caryophyllene (5.57),
[33]Cote d’Ivoireβ-Caryophyllene (31.4), δ-cadinene (6.7), α-muurolene (5.5), (E)-2-hexenol (4.8), τ-cadinol (4.3)
[29]Beninβ-Caryophyllene (13.6), δ-cadinene (9.1), epi-α-cadinol (8.4), α-cadinol (8.3), isocaryophyllene (7.5)
[32]Nigeria(E)-Caryophyllene (38.9), eugenol (30.2), δ-cadinene (6.0), caryophyllene oxide (5.0), α-humulene (4.3)
[35]Vietnamβ-Pinene (20.6), germacrene D (18.1), p-mentha-2,4(8)-diene (9.8), α-pinene (9.4), β-elemene (9.1)
[27]Cameroonβ-Caryophyllene (40), β-elemene (14.4), α-santalene (9.5), (Z)-hex-3-enol (5.2), δ-cardinene (4.8)
[26]EgyptBicycloelemene (23.6), limonene (16.6), β-pinene (14.3), α-fenchene (6.6), α-pinene (5.4)

Fruit pulp
Present findingsGhanaÇ-Sitosterol (19.82), 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester (13.48), 2-hexenoic acid, methyl ester (10.27), 2-propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, methyl ester (8.67), ϒ-sitosterol (4.96)
[36]MalaysiaMethyl (E)-2-butenoate (19.70), Methyl (E)-2-hexenoate (18.40), (Z)-3-hexenol (9.7), linalool (9.30), methyl 2-hydroxyhexanoate (5.2)
[33]Cote d’IvoireMethyl (E)-2-hexenoate (39.8), 3-pyridinocarbonylhydrazide (7.8) methyl hexanoate (5.4), methyl (E)-2-butenoate (4.8), 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (4.5)
[34]CubaMethyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate (10.6), hexadecanoic acid (9.7), methyl (E)-2-hexenoate (8.8), methyl 2-hydroxy-4-methylvalerate (7.2), linalool (2.9)
[30]Sri LankaMethyl hexanoate (30.95), methyl (E)-hex-2-enoate (26.70), trans-β-farnesene (6.45), dichloromethane (5.72), methyl but-2-enoate (4.75)
[28]Cameroon2-Hexenoic acid methyl ester (23.9), β-caryophyllene (12.7), 1,8-cineole (9.9), 2-hexenoic acid ethyl ester (8.6), linalool (7.8)