Macroscopic Neural Oscillation during Skilled Reaching Movements in Humans

Figure 3

Illustration of a simple rhythmic oscillation model to draw a circle on the jPC planes and results of jPCA analysis. (a) Delivery of a rhythmic oscillation to the different area through direct and indirect pathways with different time delays. (b) Oscillations of the different areas with similar patterns and a consistent time delay. (c) Rotation of the oscillations on the jPC planes. (d) jPCs and root-mean squares (RMSs) of accelerometer signals with time. The different-colored signals represent the movements in different directions. 0 ms indicates the stimulus onset time. (e) Projections on the jPC planes are shown at 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ms. The projections were rotated prior to movement onset. The results suggest that the oscillations are related not only to movement execution but also to movement preparation.