A Rare Twist of the Forgotten Disease: A Case of Fusobacterium necrophorum Sepsis with Portomesenteric Thrombosis and a Review of the Literature

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics and diagnostic imaging modalities in patients with Fusobacterium-spp.-associated pylephlebitis.

Author (year)	Age, \sex	Comorbidities	Symptoms	Bilirubin (mg/dl)	ALP (U/L)	AST (U/L)	ALT (U/L)	Source of infection	Imaging modality
Presented case	57, F	EtOH abuse and nonischemic CM	Fever, myalgias, and confusion	1.4	348	124	104	Colitis	MRCP
Abdallah et al. (2020)	37, M	Migraines	EtOH abuse fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain	2.7	174	152	167	Diverticulitis	CT
Hamera et al. (2019)	51, M	UC, T2DM, and COPD	Fever and weakness	1.6	—	45	112	Cholangitis	US and CT
Le Roux et al. (2006)	43, M	EtOH abuse and pancreatitis	Fever and myalgias	NL	NL	NL	NL	No source identified	US and CT
Mellor et al. (2017)	64, M	None	Fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain	3.4	234	—	—	Diverticulitis and pericolonic abscess	CT
Moore et al. (2016)	60, M	Not specified	Fever, epigastric pain, and weight loss	NL	NL	NL	NL	Unclear source	CT
Radovanovic et al. (2019)	69, M	HNSCC	Fever and abdominal pain	—	300	—	—	Liver abscess	CT and MRI
Rahmati et al. (2017)	59, F	Multiple sclerosis	Abdominal pain, fatigue, and weight loss	1.6	264	47	41	Hepatic abscess	CT and MRI
Tharu and et al (2020)	41, M	Diverticulosis	Fever and diarrhea	—	152	—	—	Hepatic and brain abscesses	CT
Akhrass et al. (2015)	32, M	None	Epigastric pain	NL	NL	NL	NL	Acute perforated appendicitis	US and CT
Zheng et al. (2014)	73, M	Hypertension, T2DM, and CAD	Fever and epigastric pain	NL	NL	NL	NL	No identified source	CT
Hamidi et al. (2008) case 1	23, M	None	Fever, epigastric pain, diarrhea, and jaundice	9.4	528	—	—	No identified source	YS
Hamidi et al. (2008) case 2	41, M	EtOH abuse	Fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice	5.3	—	254	59	No identified source	CT
Soo et al. (1999)	31, M	None	Fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and jaundice	5.9	295	79	133	No identified source	US and MRI
Shahani et al. (2011)	34, M	EtOH abuse and chronic pancreatitis	Epigastric pain	NL	NL	NL	NL	Hepatic, pancreatic, and splenic abscesses	CT
Clarke et al. (2003)	19, F	Previously healthy	Fever, abdominal pain, and jaundice	5.7	331	—	52	Hepatic abscesses	US and CT
Redford et al. (2005)	53, M	Previously healthy	Fever, abdominal pain, and vomiting	1.4	194	—	—	No identified source	CT
Bultink et al. (1999)	23, M	Previously healthy and oropharyngeal infection 5 weeks prior	Fever, abdominal pain, and vomiting	—	192	—	113	Possible pharyngitis	US and CT
Verna et al. (2004)	56, M	UC	Fever, anorexia, and jaundice	4.9	305	—	123	No identified source	CT
El Braks et al. (2004)	71, F	Urinary incontinence	Fever, sore throat, and epigastric pain	1.6	521	—	73	Pharyngitis	US and CT
Etienne et al. (2001)	68, M	TB and pulmonary embolism (not on anticoagulation)	Fever	—	—	—	—	Possible oropharyngeal source and concomitant liver abscess	CT
Schweigart et al. (2005)	67, M	TB, stroke, T2DM, and upper respiratory infection weeks prior	Fatigue, night sweats, and nausea	—	175	—	—	Possible oropharyngeal source	CT and MRI

Abbreviations: M: male, F: female, TB: tuberculosis, T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus, UC: ulcerative colitis, HNSCC: head and neck squamous cell cancer, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CAD: coronary artery disease, EtOH: alcohol, CM: cardiomyopathy, ALP: alkaline phosphatase, AST: asparatate aminotransferase, ALT: alanine aminotransferase, CT: computed tomography, US: ultrasound, MRI: magnetic resonance imaging, MRCP: magnetic resonance pancreaticography, NL: reported normal.