Profanity as a Self-Defense Mechanism and an Outlet for Emotional Catharsis in Stress, Anxiety, and Depression

Table 3

Differences in the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress based on lower and higher profaners ().

	Lower profaners ()		Higher profaners ()				Cohen’s
	M	SD	M	SD
Depression	33.487	10.406	29.919	10.801	2.622	0.009	0.338
Anxiety	29.175	10.492	26.485	8.953	2.106	0.036	—
Stress	35.169	11.311	30.838	11.415	2.961	0.003	0.381