Ethanol Extract of Ulmus pumila Root Bark Inhibits Clinically Isolated Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria

Table 4

Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the Ulmus pumila, ampicillin, and oxacillin against 12 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 1 standard MRSA.

Strains	MIC (μg/mL)
	Ulmus pumila	Ampicillin^1	Oxacillin^2
S. aureus ATCC 33591	250	32	256
Clinical isolates
S. aureus (OMS 1)	250	32	8
S. aureus (OMS 2)	250	32	4
S. aureus (OMS 3)	250	64	4
S. aureus (OMS 4)	250	64	4
S. aureus (OMS 5)	250	32	4
S. aureus (OMS 6)	125	64	16
S. aureus (OMS 7)	250	32	16
S. aureus (OMS 8)	250	32	8
S. aureus (OMS 9)	250	64	8
S. aureus (OMS 10)	125	4	4
S. aureus (OMS 11)	125	64	16
S. aureus (OMS 12)	125	64	4

1Ampicillin resistance is an ampicillin MIC of ≥0.25 μg/mL.
2Oxacillin resistance is an oxacillin MIC of ≥4 μg/mL.
OMS indicates Staphylococcal strains of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wonkwang University Hospital.