Stimulation Parameters of Manual Acupuncture and Their Measurement

Figure 1

Different measurement methods for kinematic parameters of MA. (a) The modification illustration of needle body, motion sensors can be placed at needle handle (a) or needle body (b). (b) Model ATP-I acupuncture manipulation parameter determination apparatus, its voltage-time curve generated by MA manipulation shows the parameters “cycle” and “frequency.” (c) Two-dimensional motion analysis of the needle and the joints of operation fingers carried out by Tang et al.’s different curves show the kinematic parameters of different markers, respectively. (d) The motion of the needle in the tissue taken by ultrasound imaging in the study of Park et al., which can clearly determine the position of the needle tip for the measurement of depth and display the corresponding curve. (e) The tactile acupuncture manipulation simulation system can output the amplitude and velocity of needle, as well as the components along the needle.