Review Article

Efficacy and Safety of Safflower Yellow in Early Diabetic Nephropathy: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of included studies (E: experimental group; C: control group).

NumAuthors, publication year [reference]Number of participants (% female)Mean age (years)Follow-up time (days)InterventionOutcomes
Experimental groupControl group

1Li Z et al. 2012 [22]E: 30(28.33)
C: 30(28.33)
E: 61.3
C: 61.3
15Conventional treatment, Losartan potassium 50 mg, safflower yellow 100 mgConventional treatment, Losartan potassium 50 mg①②③④⑤

2Yang L H et al. 2010 [27]E: 30(46.67)
C: 30(40)
E: 58.3
C: 58.6
14Conventional treatment, safflower yellow 100 mgConventional treatment①②③⑥

3Qiu T L et al. 2013 [23]E: 42(42.86)
C: 44(43.18)
E: 51.6 ± 6.6
C: 52.7 ± 7.1
30Conventional treatment, safflower yellow 100 mgConventional treatment①②④⑤

4Gao Y et al. 2015 [16]E: 60(45)
C: 60(41.67)
E: 64.6 ± 5.7
C: 65.0 ± 5.8
28Conventional treatment, Benazepril 10mg, safflower yellow 100 mgConventional treatment, Benazepril 10mg①③④⑤

5Bao X J. 2017 [28]E: 40(45)
C: 40(42.5)
E: 50.45 ± 7.12
C: 49.74 ± 7.03
14Conventional treatment, Metformin 2g, safflower yellow 100 mgConventional treatment, Metformin 2g①②③④⑤⑥

6Zhang X Y. 2010 [29]E: 36(47.22)
C: 36(44.44)
E: 62
C: 64
28Conventional treatment, Irbesartan 150mg, safflower yellow 100 mgConventional treatment, Irbesartan 150mg②③④⑤⑥

7Gao Y et al. 2015 [17]E: 44(42)
C: 44(42)
E: 51.13 ± 7.42
C: 51.13 ± 7.42
28Conventional treatment, Telmisartan 80mg, safflower yellow 100 mgConventional treatment, Telmisartan 80mg②④⑤

8Xiao Y X. 2016 [30]E: 40(47.5)
C: 40(42.5)
E: 58.9 ± 13.2
C: 59.5 ± 12.4
28Conventional treatment, safflower yellow 100 mlConventional treatment①②⑥

9Guo D Z. 2008 [18]E: 37(48.65)
C: 39(48.72)
E: 46.9 ± 13.2
C: 47.3 ± 12.6
35Conventional treatment, Benazepril 10mg, safflower yellow 150mgConventional treatment, Benazepril 10mg①②

10Zhang M H. 2013 [24]E: 25(48)
C: 25(48)
E: 56 ± 8.6
C: 56 ± 8.6
28Conventional treatment, safflower yellow 150mgConventional treatment

11Fang Z F. 2015 [19]E: 45(46.67)
C: 45(51.11)
E: 56.0 ± 7.9
C: 55.8 ± 7.6
8 weeksConventional treatment, Valsartan 80mg, safflower yellow 100 mlConventional treatment, Valsartan 80mg①②⑥

12Bai X M. 2012 [31]E: 30(46.67)
C: 30(46.67)
E: 56 ± 7.9
C: 55.8 ± 7.6
30Conventional treatment, safflower yellow 200mgConventional treatment②③⑥

13Gao Y et al. 2015 [20]E: 30(40)
C: 30(40)
E: 59.5 ± 12.4
C: 59.5 ± 12.4
30Conventional treatment, safflower yellow 100mgConventional treatment②④⑤⑥

14Shi Z M 2015 [21]E: 45 (48.89)
C: 45(48.89)
51.5
51.5
12 weeksConventional treatment, Valsartan 80mg/d, safflower yellow 150mgConventional treatment, Valsartan 80mg/d②⑥

Conventional treatment includes diabetes education, diet, exercise, and glycemic and blood pressure control.
①Effective rate, % .
②UAER.
③FBG.
④Scr.
⑤BUN.
⑥Adverse event.