New Evidence for Artemisia absinthium L. Application in Gastrointestinal Ailments: Ethnopharmacology, Antimicrobial Capacity, Cytotoxicity, and Phenolic Profile
Table 4
Antibacterial activity of A. absinthium L. ethanolic extract.
Bacteria
A. absinthium (mg/mL)
Streptomycin (µg/mL)
MIC
MBC
MIC
MBC
Micrococcus luteus (dT_9/2)
0.5
1.0
6.2
12.5
Rothia mucilaginosa (oT_22/2)
0.5
1.0
12.5
25
Streptococcus agalactiae (oT_20/1)
1.0
2.0
3.1
6.2
Streptococcus anginosus (oT_26)
2.0
4.0
3.1
6.2
Streptococcus dysgalactiae (oT_21/2)
0.5
1.0
6.2
12.5
Streptococcus oralis (oT_5)
1.0
2.0
12.5
25
Streptococcus parasanguinis (oT_3)
0.5
1.0
3.1
6.2
Streptococcus pyogenes (dT_14)
2.0
4.0
3.1
6.2
Streptococcus pyogenes (IBR S004)
1.0
2.0
14.0
28.0
Streptococcus salivarius (dT_12)
0.2
0.5
6.2
12.5
Streptococcus salivarius (IBR S006)
1.0
2.0
3.8
7.6
Enterococcus faecalis (IBR E001)
0.5
1.0
50.0
100.0
Staphylococcus hominis (oT_14/2)
2.0
4.0
37.5
75.0
MRSA (IBRS MRSA 011)
4.0
8.0
100
>100
Listeria monocytogenes (NCTC 7973)
4.0
8.0
50.0
100
Enterobacter cloacae (oT_18)
0.5
1.0
37.5
75
Enterobacter cloacae (ATCC 35030)
0.5
1.0
25.0
50.0
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (A_12)
2.0
4.0
37.5
75.0
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IBRS P001)
1.0
2.0
50.0
100.0
Yersinia enterocolitica (ATCC 23715)
1.0
2.0
10.0
20.0
Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883)
1.0
2.0
5.0
10.0
Salmonella enterica (ATCC 13311)
1.0
2.0
50.0
100.0
Escherichia coli (IBRS E003)
4.0
8.0
100
>100
Escherichia coli (ATCC 35210)
1.0
2.0
50.0
100
MIC: minimal inhibitory concentration and MBC: minimal bactericidal concentration. Results are in mg/mL.
