More Private Schools for Nonnative Students? Migrant Performance in Private Schools of Differing National Contexts

Table 4

Research hypotheses: effects on competencies in mathematics and reading.

Level I: individual
Test language not spoken at home (migrant)	−
Gender (female) for mathematics	−
Gender (female) for reading	+
Highest socioeconomic status of parents (HISEI)	+
Cultural capital: number of books at home	+
Age	+
Level II: school context
Private school (independent)	+
Private school (gov. dependent)	+
Proportion of girls at school	+
Community size	+/−
Proportion of migrants at school	−
Proportion of parents with tertiary education	+
School size	+
Proportion of certified teachers	+
Student-teacher ratio	−
Level III: country
Gross national income per capita (GNP)	+
Income inequality: GINI index	−
Cross-level effects
GINI∗private schools (both types)	+
Gross national income per capita (GNP)∗private schools (both types)	−
Private schools (both types)∗migrant	+