Barriers to Participation in Learning Management Systems in Saudi Arabian Universities

Table 3

Comparative analysis of the barriers of using LMSs between the literature review and the questionnaire results.

Barrier	Literature review	Qualitative study
Negative attitude toward new technology	✓
Lack of technical support from the institutions	✓
Lack of training on LMSs	✓	✓
Poor Internet access and networking in the institutions	✓	✓
Inadequate availability of software and hardware	✓
Infrastructure failure	✓
Lack of time by the instructors to guide the students on how to use LMSs	✓