Artificial Intelligence and Big Data: The Advent of New Pedagogy in the Adaptive E-Learning System in the Higher Educational Institutions of Saudi Arabia

Table 5

Discriminant validity—loading and cross-loading criterion.

Factor	AI	Big data	E-learning	H.E.I
AI 1	0.812	0.585	0.570	0.580
AI 2	0.855	0.649	0.668	0.658
AI 3	0.827	0.568	0.589	0.623
AI 4	0.815	0.547	0.613	0.744
Bigdata1	0.597	0.864	0.551	0.672
Bigdata2	0.660	0.910	0.640	0.679
Bigdata3	0.616	0.866	0.531	0.592
E-Learning1	0.636	0.559	0.805	0.632
E-Learning2	0.546	0.450	0.769	0.564
E-Learning3	0.569	0.470	0.814	0.658
E-Learning4	0.653	0.636	0.857	0.665
E-Learning5	0.532	0.509	0.789	0.593
E-Learning6	0.688	0.582	0.885	0.675
H.E.I 1	0.670	0.608	0.618	0.810
H.E.I 2	0.616	0.542	0.612	0.831
H.E.I 3	0.648	0.624	0.657	0.859
H.E.I 4	0.648	0.650	0.638	0.854
H.E.I 5	0.687	0.622	0.659	0.784