A Systematic Review on Pedagogical Trends and Assessment Practices during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Teachers’ and Students’ Perspectives

Table 1

A summary of the findings from the selected studies.

Author	Objective	Type	Data collection instrument	Participants
[19]	To observe how technology education teachers think emergency remote teaching (ERT) transitions to blended learning will affect their profession in the coming academic year.	Qualitative	Interview	Teachers
[20]	Investigating difficulties that EFL teachers face to implement online teaching during a coronavirus pandemic, particularly in Iran.	Mixed-methods	Survey and interview	Teachers
[1]	Investigating how teacher educators and student teachers dealt with the unprecedented circumstances.	Qualitative	Reflections	Teacher-educators-student
[21]	Investigating teachers’ experiences during the early COVID-19 lockdown.	Quantitative	Survey	Students
[22]	To demonstrate digital disruption at UK institutions, as well as the consequences and benefits of emergency online migration during COVID-19.	Quantitative	Survey	Teachers
[23]	To look at the problems and issues that EFL students encounter as a result of restricted resources.	Quantitative	Survey	Students
[24]	Investigating teachers’ preparation, curriculum equipment, and teacher-students with the social-emotional competencies for dealing with such situations.	Qualitative	Interview	Teachers-students
[25]	To measure and elaborate pre-COVID-19 pandemic literature notions of faculty online preparation.	Mixed-methods	Survey, focus group	Teachers
[26]	To investigate how pedagogies changed as learning communities moved to new online spaces after the practicum was removed.	Qualitative	Online survey	Teachers
[27]	Investigating the impact of COVID-19 : sharing stories, sharing practice.	Qualitative	Presentation and chat box thread	Teachers
[28]	This article offers professional perspective on this online learning-related PCK, with the objective of assisting nonexpert university teachers (i.e., those with minimal expertise with online learning) in navigating through these difficult times.	Qualitative	Interview	Teachers
[29]	To examine how early career teachers maintained social contact with students while also mastering core teaching challenges.	Quantitative	Survey questionnaire	Teachers
[30]	To examine the experiences of students in Zoom meeting rooms, mercury education platforms, and online assessment systems used by lecturers.	Quantitative	Survey questionnaire	Students
[31]	Investigating the impact of e-evaluation on job motivation among teachers during the movement control order (MCO) in COVID-19, as well as the influence of stress as a mediating factor.	Quantitative	Online survey	Teachers
[32]	To investigate the elements that influence students' preference for remote examinations, course assessment/evaluation techniques, and factors.	Quantitative	Online survey	Teachers-students
[33]	To give a genuine and relevant manner to share the understanding of the need of including employability skills into assessment practice.	Qualitative	Anecdotal evidence	Teachers-students
[34]	To see how the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic affected university students during the movement control order (MCO) and recovery movement control order (RMCO).	Quantitative	Survey	Students
[35]	To create a theoretical model that highlights the factors that influenced the adoption of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.	Quantitative	Online survey	Teachers
[36]	Investigating how health science students felt about e-learning and how satisfied they were with it during the COVID-19 lockdown.	Quantitative	Online survey	Students
[37]	To examine students' learning experiences and attitudes during the pandemic.	Qualitative	Interviews	Students
[38]	To highlight stakeholder views from the academic and student communities, ending in a mock examination to measure infrastructure, and student population readiness during the implementation of remote examination.	Quantitative	Survey	Teachers-students
[30]	To investigate the elements that influence students' happiness with online learning during the COVID-19 epidemic.	Quantitative	Survey	Students
[39]	To reveal the essential characteristics that influence students' adoption of e-learning during the COVID-19 era.	Quantitative	Survey questionnaire	Students
[40]	To learn about student instructors' perspectives on the online academic assistance e-tools that were implemented during the COVID-19 lockdown.	Mixed-methods	Online survey	Students
[41]	To examine the challenges that teachers experience when teaching and assessing online in various home environments in India.	Qualitative	Interviews	Teachers
[42]	To gain a better understanding of the important issues, approaches, and lessons learned by higher educational institutions (HEIs) in the context of COVID-19.	Mixed-methods	Survey	Students
[43]	To investigate difficulties with online learning among Malaysian university students during the epidemic.	Mixed-methods	Online interview	Students
[44]	To outline objectives for post-COVID-19 planning in order to achieve a better balance of distance and face-to-face learning.	Qualitative	Mapping focus group	Teachers
[45]	To compare hurdles and constraints to producing excellent distant learning and the usage of electronic tests during the coronavirus epidemic, with the goal of attaining success in the distance educational system (COVID-19).	Mixed-method	Online survey—open questionnaire	Teachers-students
[46]	To investigate Internet platforms that were used in teaching and learning throughout the COVID-19 pandemic's lockdown phase.	Mixed-methods	Survey	Students
[47]	To find an answer to the question of how can we make the learning process as easy as possible for everyone involved? How can we assess the relevance of knowledge and skills acquired at a distance?	Quantitative	Practical work, lectures, projects	Students
[48]	To see whether universities are employing the appropriate assessment methods during pandemics and other times of crises.	Qualitative	Online discussion	Students
[49]	To investigate the use of Chegg, a website that offers “homework help” and other academic services to students during the COVID-19 pandemic.	Quantitative	Subject-level menu on Chegg	Students
[50]	To investigate India's “exam emergency” through an entertaining discussion of the importance, division, and disagreement surrounding the resumption of all annual admission examinations that had been postponed owing to a statewide lockdown owing to the COVID-19 outbreak.	Qualitative	Interviews	Students
[51]	To investigate how open educational resource (OER) materials help teachers and students during the COVID-19 time.	Quantitative	Survey	Teachers-students
[52]	To give a case study describing the use of an automated student-centered assessment tool to transition the assessment method of a programming course in higher education to a totally online format during the COVID-19 pandemic.	Mixed-methods	Students’ interactions and survey	Students
[53]	To observe how the COVID-19 outbreak and its attendant quarantine influenced university students' perceptions of online learning in Jordan.	Quantitative	Online survey	Students
[54]	To learn about undergraduate students' reactions to emergency online learning during the first two weeks of COVID-19 mandated shift to online learning.	Qualitative	Texts	Students
[55]	To provide examples from Australian teachers of how high-stake examinations influence their implementation of senior secondary history curriculum.	Qualitative	Interview	Teachers
[56]	To create the periodontal senior case clinical challenge (PSCCC), which would provide fourth-year students with an alternative to senior case presentations and serve as a formative evaluation in which student opinions would be collected and analyzed.	Quantitative	Survey	Students
[57]	To investigate students’ experiences with remote examination delivery and compared test performance in remote vs invigilated campus-based forms of equivalent assessments over two academic years.	Quantitative	Online survey	Students
[58]	To provide light on the effects of COVID-19 on the teaching and learning processes at Sri Lanka's southeastern university, as well as the obstacles the university had in maintaining its online educational system throughout the conference.	Mixed-methods	Survey and interview	Teachers-students-administrators
[59]	To look into how colleges have handled knowledge flow during lockdowns.	Quantitative	Survey	Teachers-students
[60]	To investigate the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic on preschool education, including how it is conducted, what types of activities are held, what problems must be faced, and what actions must be made to ensure that preschool education continues.	Qualitative	Interview	Preschool teachers-parents
[31]	To find out how university students feel about online classes and how satisfied they are with them.	Quantitative	Online survey	Students