The Effect of GeoGebra on Students’ Abilities to Study Calculus

Table 1

Stages of cycle model.

Stages	Name of the stages	Activities
1	Environment	Identification of area (environment) (such as laboratory class setting)
2	Individual behavior	Identification of individual areas of interest (teacher professional development and student ability, perception). As the researcher was a teacher, the More Knowledgeable Other (MKO) is present, thus teaching and learning can take place. The pretest was used to identify students’ abilities.
3	State objectives	State objectives of teaching a lesson with GeoGebra (by using review literature).
4	Design	Design teaching materials (a lesson plan that is compatible with GeoGebra).
5	Implementation	Implementation of a lesson plan in the classroom (start scaffolding student-student, teacher-student interaction)
6	Feedback	Get feedback from students (responses). This feedback could be in the form of a posttest and interview
7	Evaluation	Evaluation of whether the method had achieved what was intended. Comparison of abilities before and after
8	Internalisation and externalisation	Disseminate and practice the knowledge obtained in the next stages of the cycle model
9	Environment	Practicing the knowledge, they obtained within the environment by becoming MKOs (such as teachers and other experts according to the types of intervention given)