The Effect of GeoGebra on Students’ Abilities to Study Calculus

Table 10

Overall one-way analysis of variance summary: students’ proficiency in differential calculus compared to their ability before treatment.

Variables		Sum of squares	df	Mean square	F	Sig.
Pretest conceptual	Between groups	1278.940	1	1278.940	42.608	0.000
	Within groups	1921.060	64	30.017
	Total	3200.000	65
Pretest procedural	Between groups	785.505	1	785.505	33.597	0.000
	Within groups	1496.313	64	23.380
	Total	2281.818	65