Alleviating Students’ Naive Theory on Newton’s Laws of Motion through Problem Optimization and Scaffolding Discussion

<div>Percentage of degradation of Newton’s first law of naive theory by application of three PBL models and percentage of Newton’s first law naive theory still surviving in students’ brain construction after three PBL models are applied.</div>

Education Research International

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Figure 1

Figure 1: Alleviating Students’ Naive Theory on Newton’s Laws of Motion through Problem Optimization and Scaffolding Discussion 