Recent Studies on the Speciation and Determination of Mercury in Different Environmental Matrices Using Various Analytical Techniques

Table 3

Analytical parameters of reviewed research papers involving speciation and determination of mercury by miscellaneous techniques.

Analyte	Method	Supporting media	Analytical instrument	LOD	Linearity range	QA/QC studies	Analyzed samples	Interference study	Ref
Hg(II)	Colorimetric	Gold nanoparticles	Dark-field microscope	1.4 pM	—	Recoveries were 98.3 and 110.0% for river and industrial wastewater, respectively	River and industrial wastewater	25 nM concentrations of Pb^2+, Ni^2+, Fe^2+, Cd^2+, Zn^2+, Co^2+, and Mn^2+ did not interfere in the determination of Hg (II)	[49]
Hg(II)	Electrochemiluminescence	Gold nanoparticles	Potentiostat PG340	5.1 pM	—	Results were compared with AFS measurements	Tap and lake waters	The method was selective for Hg determination in presence of Cd^2+, Co^2+, Cu^2+, Fe^2+, Mg^2+, Mn^2+, Pb^2+, Al^3+, and Fe^3+	[50]
Hg(0)	Thermal desorption	—	Direct milestone analyzer	—	—	Accuracy was verified with testing the SRM (NIST-2711) and CRM (GBW-GBW 08301 RCV 8221)	Soil samples	—	[56]
Hg(II)	Electrochemiluminescence	γ-Polyglutamic acid-grapheme-luminol	Chemiluminescence analyzer	1.0 × 10^−6μl/L	2.0 × 10^−6–0.02 μl/L	The RSD values for reproducibility of biosensor were 6.2%; the results were compared with ICP-MS	River water samples	No interference of Pb^2+, Zn^2+, Cu^2+, Mg^2+, and Cd^2+ was observed	[144]
Hg speciation	Liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction	18-crown-6	Electrophoresis	0.005–0.03 (Hg^2+), 0.004–0.027 (Me Hg), 0.001–0.0075 (PhHg)  μM	0.01–1 μM	The RSD values of the reproducibility tests were less than 13.0%	Hair and water samples	—	[90]
Hg(0)	UV-light generation	Multimode diode lasers	Photomultiplier modules	0.12 μM	0–60 μM	The coefficient of linear regression was obtained as = 0.998	—	—	[101]
Total Hg	—	—	Direct mercury analyzer	—	—	—	Fish samples	Vanadium also determined along with mercury	[86]
MeHg	ISO-17025	—	Advanced mercury analyzer	9.0 × 10^−6μg	9.0 × 10^−6–0.003 μg	CRMs (IAEA-436, DOLT-2, TORT-2, IAEA-452) were analyzed; the RSD values were in the range of 1.7–4.5%	Marine biota samples	—	[65]
Total Hg	—	—	Direct mercury analyzer	0.0027 μg/g	0.002–0.15 μg	Recoveries of Hg were in the range of 98.9–106.1%; CRM (DORM-3) was analyzed	Animal tissues	—	[66]
Total Hg	—	—	Direct mercury analyzer (DMA-80)		0–50 ng	SRM (NIST-1633b) and Rice fluor-NIES-10 (Japan) were analyzed	Human hair and nails	—	[57]
Total Hg	Platinum trap	—	Combustion mercury analyzer (MA 3000)	0.00027 μg/g	—	CRMs (INCT-PVTL-6) and STRP-IS3 were analyzed	Tobacco samples	—	[67]
Total Hg	Colorimetric	Lysine	Anisotropic gold nanoparticles	27 pM	0.01–1.0 nM	—	Deionized and tap waters	No interference of As^3+, Cr^3+, Cd^2+, Pb^2+, Ni^2+, Zn^2+, and Ba^2+ was observed	[51]
Total Hg	US EPA method 7473		Direct mercury analyzer	—	—	Method was compared with TD-AAS results	Sediments	—	[93]
Hg(II)	Electrochemiluminescent	Graphene coupled quantum dots	MPI-A multifunctional electrochemical analytical system	0.0003 μM	0.2–5 μM	The RSD values in the determination of Hg(II) real samples were in the range of 2.4–7.5%	Spiked and real water samples	No interference of Cu^2+, Pb^2+, Ni^2+, and Cd^2+ was observed	[145]
Hg(II)	Photoelectrochemical	CdS quantum dots	Atomic force microscope	6.0 × 10^−10M	3.0 × 10^−9–1.0 × 10^−7M	—	—	100-fold Cr^3+, Fe^3+, Pb^2+, Cd^2+, Cu^2+, Mn^2+, Zn^2+, Al^3+, and Co^3+ did not interfere	[87]