Wet-Chemical Surface Texturing of Sputter-Deposited ZnO:Al Films as Front Electrode for Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells

Figure 5

Measured AFM 2D images and MATLAB processed images of AZO films textured with ((a) and (e)) a single-step etch of HF for 20 s, ((b) and (f)) a single-step etch of HCl for 20 s, ((c) and (g)) a two-step etch of HF for 20 s and HCl for 20 s, and ((d) and (h)) a two-step etch of HCl for 20 s and HF for 20 s.