Particulate Emissions Hazards Associated with Fueling Heat Engines

Table 2

NASA subsonic transport system-level metrics (From http://www.aeronautics.nasa.gov/calendar/era_preconference_synopsis.htm).

Corners of the trade space	𝑁+1=2015 * Technology benefits relative to a single aisle reference configuration	𝑁+2=2020 * Technology benefits relative to a large twin aisle reference configuration	𝑁+3=2025 * Technology benefits
Noise, dB(cum. below Stage 4)	−32	−42	−71
LTO NOx emissions, %(below CAEP 6)**	−60	−75	Better than −75
Performance:aircraft fuel burn, %	−33***	−50***	Better than −70
Performance:field length, %	−33	−50	Exploit metro-plex concepts****

*Technology Readiness Level for key technologies = 4–6. N represents current aviation technology, For example, Boeing 787.
**LTO is landing-take-off cycle and CAEP is Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection.
***Recently updated. Additional gains made are possible through operational improvements.
****Concepts that enable optimal use of runways at multiple airports within the metropolitan area.