Dynamic Sliding Mode Evolution PWM Controller for a Novel High-Gain Interleaved DC-DC Converter in PV System

Figure 4

Operation states and current paths of the converter.

(a) Mode 1: 𝑆₁-on; 𝑆₂-off; VD₁-off; VD₂-on; VD₃-on

(b) Mode 2: 𝑆₁-on; 𝑆₂-off; VD₁-off; VD₂-off; VD₃-off

(c) Mode 3: 𝑆₁-off; 𝑆₂-on; VD₁-on; VD₂-off; VD₃-on

(d) Mode 4: 𝑆₁-off; 𝑆₂-on; VD₁-off; VD₂-off; VD₃-off