Composition, Physicochemical Properties, and Uses of Acorn Starch

Table 2

Morphology, X-ray diffraction pattern, and degree of crystallinity of acorn starch.

Genotype	Granule size (μm)	Analytical technique	Shape description	Diffraction pattern	Degree of crystallinity (%)	Reference
Quercus ilex subsp. ballota (four varieties)	2.5–24	SEM	Spherical, ovoid, and sometimes hemispherical	nd	nd	Boukhelkhal and Moulai-Mostefa [20]
Quercus branti	7.32	SEM	Elliptical and spherical	C	47.8	Molavi and Razavi [38]
Quercus glandulifera Bl.	3.3–126.2	SEM	Round, triangle, and elliptical	A	23.53	Li et al. [7]
Quercus palustris Muenchh.	3–17	SEM	Spherical and ovoid	A	22.3	Stevenson et al. [28]
Not specified	4.8–15.9	SEM	Elliptical and spherical	B	24.81	Deng et al. [26]
Not specified	nd	SEM	Spherical	A	nd	Chen et al. [27]
Quercus leucotrichophora	20.6–59	SEM	Elliptical	nd	nd	Soni et al. [23]
Quercus ilex	nd	nd	nd	A/B	nd	Zarroug et al. [21]