Data Mining for Identifying Novel Associations and Temporal Relationships with Charcot Foot

Table 4

Novel or poorly know associations with Charcot foot, compared between those with (𝑛=282) and without (𝑛=106) diabetes, defined as any ICD-9 250.x code. The associations shown here are based on the ones shown in Table 2.

Disease category	ICD-9 code	ICD-9 description	Number (%) among those with diabetes	Number (%) among those without diabetes	𝑃 value for difference in proportions
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, and immunity disorders	244.9	Hypothyroidism	34 (12.1)	8 (7.5)	0.28
	272.0	Hypercholesterolemia	78 (27.7)	4 (3.8)	5.9×10^−7
	272.4	Hyperlipidemia	163 (57.8)	10 (9.4)	<2.2 ×  10^−16
	276.3	Alkalosis	11 (3.9)	2 (1.9)	0.51
	276.5	Volume depletion disorder	75 (26.6)	9 (8.5)	2.0×10^−4
Sense organs	366.16	Senile nuclear cataract	102 (36.2)	8 (7.5)	5.10×10^−8
Circulatory system	401.1	Benign essential hypertension	103 (36.5)	10 (9.4)	3.3×10^−7
	402.10	Benign hypertensive disease without heart failure	14 (5.0)	1 (0.9)	0.12
	411.1	Intermediate coronary syndrome	38 (13.5)	0 (0.0)	1.5×10^−4
	413.9	Angina pectoris	40 (14.2)	1 (0.9)	3.2×10^−4
	414.0	Coronary atherosclerosis	18 (6.4)	0 (0.0)	0.017
	414.00	Coronary atherosclerosis, vessel type	143 (50.7)	12 (11.3)	3.9×10^−12
	414.01	Coronary atherosclerosis, native artery	89 (31.6)	8 (7.5)	2.2×10^−6
	414.02	Coronary atherosclerosis, autologous graft	11 (3.9)	0 (0.0)	0.086
	414.9	Chronic ischemic heart disease	49 (17.4)	0 (0.0)	9.88×10^−6
	424.0	Mitral valve disorder	31 (11.0)	1 (0.9)	2.7×10^−3
	425.4	Cardiomyopathy, primary	42 (14.9)	2 (1.9)	6.2×10^−4
	427.9	Cardiac dysrhythmia	143 (50.7)	25 (23.6)	2.7×10^−6
	428.0	Congestive heart failure	78 (27.7)	6 (5.7)	5.4×10^−6
	428.9	Heart failure, not otherwise specified	36 (12.8)	2 (1.9)	2.5×10^−3
	429.9	Heart disease, not otherwise specified	38 (13.5)	1 (0.9)	5.2×10^−4
	440.21	Atherosclerosis of native arteries of the extremities with intermittent claudication	89 (31.6)	4 (3.8)	2.4×10^−8
	443.9	Peripheral vascular disease	91 (32.3)	4 (3.8)	1.3×10^−8
Respiratory system	465.9	Acute upper respiratory infection	71 (25.2)	22 (20.8)	0.44
	466.0	Acute bronchitis	60 (21.3)	15 (14.2)	0.15
	473.9	Chronic sinusitis	26 (9.2)	9 (8.5)	0.98
	477.9	Allergic rhinitis	30 (10.6)	10 (9.4)	0.87
	493.90	Asthma (without status asthmaticus)	34 (12.1)	12 (11.3)	0.98
	518.3	Pulmonary eosinophilia	104 (36.9)	21 (19.8)	2.0×10^−3
Digestive system	530.81	Esophageal reflux	47 (16.7)	17 (16.0)	1
	560.9	Intestinal obstruction, not otherwise specified	25 (8.9)	5 (4.7)	0.25
Genitourinary system	596.9	Bladder disorder, not otherwise specified	9 (3.2)	3 (2.8)	1
	607.84	Impotence, organic origin	29 (10.3)	4 (3.8)	0.065
Skin and subcutaneous tissue	692.9	Contact dermatitis	38 (13.5)	14 (13.2)	1
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue	724.2	Lumbago	83 (29.4)	34 (32.1)	0.70
	729.1	Myalgia/myositis, not otherwise specified	45 (16.0)	10 (9.4)	0.14
	715.90	Osteoarthrosis, not otherwise specified	74 (26.2)	25 (23.6)	0.69
Injury and poisoning	860.0	Traumatic pneumothorax	25 (8.9)	2 (1.9)	0.029
	847.0	Sprain/strain of neck	15 (5.3)	6 (5.7)	1