Type 2 diabetes mellitus has become a global epidemic, with significantly increased prevalence in both developed and developing countries. Moreover, the deleterious effects due to type 2 diabetes are mainly chronic vascular complications, resulting in cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases, and blindness. According to the IDF report, over 50% newly diagnosed diabetic patients suffer from at least one chronic complication, which results in a severe challenge to the social economy. Despite the knowledge of the above-mentioned deleterious effects, the clinical prediction, diagnosis, and therapy remain largely unsatisfactory. Moreover, the investigations underlying the etiological mechanisms of the diseases are still ambiguous. This is the case for elucidating the pathophysiology of the development of diabetic chronic complications. This is also the case for evaluating the risks of chronic complications in diabetic patients and discovering better approaches for the treatment of the diseases.

The present issue is aimed at providing an up-to-date state of information in the pathophysiology, prediction, diagnosis, and therapeutic aspects of the chronic complications in type 2 diabetes. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Pathophysiology of chronic complications in diabetes
• The contributions of genetic factors to the development of the chronic complications in diabetes in different populations
• Effects of insulin secretion and insulin resistance on micro- or macrovascular complications in diabetes
• Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and the risks for the diabetic chronic complications
• Target organ damage: cardiovascular dysfunction
• Target organ damage: diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy
• How to optimize the prediction model for the chronic complications in diabetes
• How to optimize the therapies for the diabetic complications

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