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| Comparison criteria | Work in [18] published in 2023 | Work in [13] published in 2023 | Work in [28] published in 2020 | Work in [33] published in 2020 | Work in [30] published in 2019 | The proposed approach | Notes |
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| Power compensator | CVSR | 3ph-CHB multilevel converter | TCR | TSC-TCR | TCR | TCR | The majority of these researches utilized TCR to solve the problem of unbalanced voltages |
| Algorithm | Regulating the bias dc circuits of CVSR. The ac reactance was adjusted based on the B-H of the core. The generated dc bias magnetic flux is used to balance the three-phase voltages | Decoupling coordinates transformation to design three loops, a current tracking loop, a voltage regulation loop, and a voltage balance loop | PSO | Triangular membership function | The firing angles of the TCR required to retrieve the system balance conditions were determined by trial and error | PSO | The proposed PSO algorithm uses the mathematical model of the power system to determine the required set of TCR firing angles. Thus, it is more accurate compared to the ones in [28, 30]. Additionally, this operation is performed offline which make the proposed approach faster than the one proposed in [13, 18] |
| Controller | Iterative process depending on measuring the load voltages, searching for the dc biases, and calculating the relative error between the voltages | Model based PI and PR closed loop controller | ANN | Fuzzy logic | ANN | GPR and SVM | SVM and GPR have the upper hand over the ANN in regression. They give higher accuracy and consume less time comparable to sophisticated ANN with elaborated features in regression tasks |
| VUF range | <5% | Undefined | 3.44–6.93% | Undefined | 3.48–4.68% | 3.90–8.42% | The proposed approach covers a wider range of VUF |
| Average response time (at 50 Hz) | >60 ms | >200 ms | 57.92 ms | >43 ms | 60 ms | 20 ms | The response time of the proposed approach is the shortest time with just 20 ms |
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