Microwave-Assisted Extraction and Phytochemical Profile of Nonea pulmonarioides and Its Antifungal, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities

Table 6

GC-MS analysis of petroleum ether, acetone, and methanol extracts from N. pulmonarioides.

No.	Name compound	TR^a	Similarity (%)^b	NPPE^c	NPAE^c	NPME^c
				% Concentration
1	Heptane	5.830	84	0.2	0.84	0.51
2	Unknown	9.865	38	0.47	1.52	1.02
3	D-limonene	17.615	99	0.32	1.17	0.9
4	Sec-butyl propenyl disulfide	24.354	96	0.2	—	—
5	Citronellol	27.034	98	3.53	1.74	—
6	Geraniol	28.160	94	0.48	—	—
7	Citronellyl formate	32.578	87	0.47	—	—
8	Eugenol	32.887	98	0.23	—	—
9	Geranyl acetate	33.841	91	0.35	—	—
10	Methyleugenol	34.853	98	0.5	—	—
11	Caryophyllene	36.053	99	0.37	—	—
12	Α-Guaiene	36.602	99	0.3	—	—
13	Α.-humulene	37.579	99	0.36	—	—
14	Germacrene D	38.619	98	0.56	1.03	—
15	Pentadecane	39.082	97	0.93	1.43	0.67
16	Α-bulnesene	39.419	99	0.12	—	—
17	Dodecanoic acid	41.734	99	6.76	3.85	3.09
18	Dodecanoic acid, ethyl ester	42.780	64	0.16	—	—
19	Hexadecane	43.077	97	0.47	0.94	0.77
20	Tridecanoic acid	45.397	99	0.69	—	1.01
21	Ethyl tridecanoate	45.603	99	—	—	45.94
22	8-Heptadecene	46.038	98	0.56	—	—
23	Heptadecane	46.878	98	4.34	6.29	0.85
24	Farnesol	47.541	90	0.28	—	—
25	Unknown	48.472	64	—	—	3.76
26	Dodecanoyl chloride	48.644	50	0.53	—	—
27	Tetradecanoic acid	49.101	99	2.69	1.5	1.32
28	Dibenzothiophene	49.290	96	—	—	0.77
29	Benzyl benzoate	49.558	96	0.39	—	—
30	Octadecane	50.467	98	0.61	0.9	0.73
31	Unknown	50.850	38	—	—	0.77
32	Unknown	51.073	74	0.21	—	0.67
33	Neophytadiene	51.736	76	0.64	2.39	—
34	Unknown	51.901	53	0.24	—	—
35	Benzoic acid, 2-phenylethyl ester	52.627	80	0.62	—	—
36	Unknown	52.862	38	—	—	0.70
37	Z-5-nonadecene	53.056	97	4.95	6.79	—
38	Unknown	53.307	64	0.78	—	—
39	Nonadecane	53.959	98	18.34	35.74	1.32
40	Methyl palmitate	54.696	99	0.91	—	—
41	Unknown	55.559	25	0.17	—	—
42	Dibutyl phthalate	55.714	97	0.2	0.82	—
43	N-Hexadecanoic acid	55.976	99	6.16	3.77	5.40
44	Unknown	56.331	58	0.47	—	—
45	Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester	56.914	83	0.23	—	0.68
46	Eicosane	57.177	96	1.79	3.21	—
47	Henicos-1-ene	59.491	97	0.37	—	—
48	Linoleic acid, methyl ester	60.057	99	1.75	—	0.57
49	Heneicosane	60.314	99	8.62	15.68	—
50	Gamolenic acid	60.892	99	1.25	—	—
51	Methyl stearate	61.057	99	0.84	—	—
52	Linoleic acid	61.389	99	7.05	2.09	5.27
53	Oleic acid	61.606	99	15.89	8.30	13.72
54	Octadecanoic acid	62.206	99	1.64	—	1.16
55	Pentacosane	62.452	98	—	—	8.41
NO.	Compound type total in (NPPE, NPAE and NPME)	% And (number) in NPPE	% And (number) in NPAE		% And (number) in NPME
1	Sesquiterpenoids	2.35(6)	3.42(2)		—
2	Monoterpene	0.32(1)	1.17(1)		0.9(1)
3	Ester	5.92 (10)	0.82(1)		47.19(3)
4	Monoterpenoid	4.01 (2)	1.74(1)		—
5	Acyclic sesquiterpene	0.28(1)	—		—
6	Fatty acid	42.13(8)	19.51(5)		30.97(7)
7	Hydrocarbon	41.19(11)	71.82(9)		13.26(7)
8	Unknown	2.34(6)	1.52(1)		6.91(5)
9	Other	1.46(4)	—		0.77(1)
10	Total	100	100		100

^aRetention time and ^bmass spectra were compared to MS databases that were accessible and ^cpeak area percentage was calculated from the GC-FID chromatogram; NPPE: petroleum ether extract; NPAE: acetone extract; NPME: methanol extract.