Determining the Geographical Origin of Fuji Apple from China by Multivariate Analysis Based on Soluble Sugars, Organic Acids, and Stable Isotopes
Table 2
Analysis of the regional differences of soluble sugars, organic acids, and stable isotopes in samples.
Composition
Location
Means ± SD
Range
Variation coefficient (%)
Sor
BHB
5.57 ± 2.76 b
2.04–14.4
49.5
LP
5.86 ± 2.22ab
1.77–10.9
37.8
NW
6.81 ± 2.75a
2.39–14.4
40.4
Glu
BHB
27.8 ± 8.03a
12.8–48.9
28.9
LP
27.3 ± 10.2a
11.4–52.0
37.4
NW
18.2 ± 5.82 b
8.90–34.8
31.9
Fru
BHB
54.3 ± 9.41 b
38.2–87.0
17.3
LP
59.5 ± 12.8a
34.0–106.1
21.6
NW
55.2 ± 13.3 b
36.6–126
24.0
Sucr
BHB
31.6 ± 9.34a
5.21–53.2
29.6
LP
27.4 ± 9.21 b
9.59–49.1
33.6
NW
32.2 ± 10.0a
6.74–74.5
31.1
Oxa
BHB
0.187 ± 0.0417a
0.110–0.301
22.3
LP
0.204 ± 0.0686a
0.0811–0.641
33.6
NW
0.207 ± 0.0839a
0.108–0.482
40.6
Tar
BHB
0.0852 ± 0.0368a
0.0191–0.175
43.2
LP
0.0812 ± 0.0318a
0.0191–0.143
39.1
NW
0.0684 ± 0.0331 b
0.0295–0.180
48.4
Qui
BHB
0.416 ± 0.171a
0.146–0.901
41.1
LP
0.339 ± 0.216ab
0.000–0.943
63.7
NW
0.276 ± 0.230 b
0.00–1.58
83.4
Mal
BHB
4.11 ± 1.31a
2.00–7.72
31.8
LP
3.70 ± 0.828a
1.79–6.10
22.4
NW
3.85 ± 1.20a
2.12–8.60
31.3
Shi
BHB
0.00670 ± 0.00137a
0.00460–0.0110
20.4
LP
0.00631 ± 0.00146a
0.00310–0.0103
23.2
NW
0.00632 ± 0.00169a
0.00360–0.0105
26.8
δ2H
BHB
−39.6 ± 6.88a
−57.6–−21.8
17.4
LP
−44.6 ± 5.77b
−59.5–−32.7
12.9
NW
−44.4 ± 7.66b
−73.9–−25.6
17.2
δ18O
BHB
−4.67 ± 1.44a
−8.48–−1.85
30.9
LP
−5.26 ± 1.57b
−8.58–−1.59
29.8
NW
−5.22 ± 1.51ab
−8.26–−1.86
28.9
δ13C
BHB
−26.3 ± 0.973b
−28.1–−24.5
3.70
LP
−25.7 ± 0.834a
−28.0–−23.3
3.25
NW
−25.5 ± 0.963a
−27.3–−22.3
3.78
The different letters in the same column mean significant difference (); the coefficient of variation of stable isotopes was the absolute value of the original value.
