The Effect of Upcycled Brewers’ Spent Grain on Consumer Acceptance and Predictors of Overall Liking in Muffins

Table 1

Ingredient analysis of control and brewers’ spent grain (BSG) muffin formulations.

	Ingredient (g/100 g)
	0%^1 (control)	20% BSG	30% BSG
Brewers’ spent grain	n/a	7.46	11.18
Flour, all-purpose	37.32	29.81	26.09
Applesauce	30.48	30.43	30.43
Sugar, granulated	14.31	14.30	14.30
Eggs, raw	6.22	6.21	6.21
Olive oil, light	6.22	6.21	6.21
Water	3.73	4.10	4.10
Salt	0.44	0.43	0.43
Baking soda	0.37	0.37	0.37
Vanilla extract	0.37	0.37	0.37
Cinnamon, ground	0.30	0.31	0.31
Sethness® OC 114 caramel color^2	0.24	n/a	n/a

¹% refers to percentage substitution of total all-purpose flour by brewers’ spent grain flour. ²Sethness® OC 114 (certified organic caramel color manufactured from certified organic raw cane sugar; supplied by Sethness Products Company, Clinton, IA, USA).