Physical Fruit Traits, Proximate Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Profiling of Fatty Acids and Minerals of Wild Jujube (Ziziphus lotus L. (Desf.)) Fruits from Eleven Moroccan Origins

Table 5

Mean values ± standard deviation of total phenolic contents, flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activities of different extracts of Z. lotus (AE: acetone extract, EE: ethanolic extract, ME: methanolic extract, and WE: water extract).

Solvent	Origin	TPC (mg GAE/g DM)	TFC (mg QE/g DM)	DPPH (%)	FRAP (mg AA/g DM)	ABTS (mg TE/g DM)
EE	Rhamna	8.54 ± 0.08^a	7.19 ± 0.12^d	38.48 ± 0.02^k	4.27 ± 0.33^a	9.03 ± 0.57^de
	Taroudant	7.01 ± 0.02^a	5.48 ± 0.04^a	18.76 ± 0.01^a	3.96 ± 0.10^a	2.2 ± 0.68^a
	Tafraout	8.48 ± 0.11^a	6.07 ± 0.04^b	32.07 ± 0.04^h	8.77 ± 0.66^b	11.73 ± 0.01^e
	Taounat	7.24 ± 6.11^a	7.9 ± 0.05^e	31.35 ± 0.02^f	3.79 ± 0.02^a	6.55 ± 0.01^bcd
	Zagora	8.22 ± 0.12^a	6.66 ± 0.04^c	38.00 ± 0.00^j	4.76 ± 0.08^a	8.18 ± 0.12^ce
	Sidi Hrazm	7.63 ± 0.14^a	5.4 ± 0.08^a	23.04 ± 0.00^c	3.26 ± 0.39^a	2.98 ± 1.53^ab
	Lkhmissat	3.56 ± 0.01^a	5.60 ± 0.12^ab	19.58 ± 0.01^b	3.43 ± 0.46^a	4.73 ± 0.53^ac
	B-Jaad	7.83 ± 0.24^a	5.51 ± 0.08^a	30.88 ± 0.01^e	4.06 ± 0.39^a	8.46 ± 0.30^ce
	Khnifra	8.17 ± 0.22^a	7.48 ± 0.04^de	23.99 ± 0.00^d	3.97 ± 0.61^a	8.25 ± 1.28^ce
	Beni Mellal	10.35 ± 0.26^a	7.45 ± 0.08^de	34.20 ± 0.01^i	5.17 ± 0.01^a	10.55 ± 0.42^e
	Zaouit Cheikh	9.64 ± 0.34^a	7.01 ± 0.20^cd	31.59 ± 0.04^g	4.66 ± 0.23^a	10.51 ± 0.34^e
	Average	7.88 ± 0.25	6.52 ± 0.09	29.26 ± 0.67	4.55 ± 0.15	7.56 ± 0.31
ME	Rhamna	9.88 ± 0.10^d	7.54 ± 0.29^e	47.83 ± 0.02^k	9.99 ± 0.32^e	22.80 ± 0.96^d
	Taroudant	8.03 ± 0.16^ac	6.13 ± 0.12^ac	14.63 ± 0.01^c	3.96 ± 0.00^a	7.33 ± 1.14^ab
	Tafraout	10.13 ± 0.02^d	6.98 ± 0.24^ce	37.13 ± 0.01^i	9.73 ± 0.49^e	20.19 ± 1.86^cd
	Taounat	8.97 ± 0.26^ac	6.51 ± 0.16^bcd	19.24 ± 0.01^d	5.02 ± 0.01^ab	9.18 ± 1.96^ab
	Zagora	9.04 ± 0.36^bcd	7.19 ± 0.04^de	20.19 ± 0.01^e	5.71 ± 0.17^bc	11.64 ± 0.57^ac
	Sidi Hrazm	7.54 ± 0.15^ab	6.01 ± 0.20^ab	11.65 ± 0.01^a	4.30 ± 0.13^a	2.70 ± 0.53^a
	Lkhmissat	6.64 ± 0.12^a	5.37 ± 0.04^a	12.87 ± 0.01^b	4.53 ± 0.17^a	5.91 ± 1.50^ab
	B-Jaad	7.61 ± 0.69^ab	7.28 ± 0.08^de	24.39 ± 0.01^h	6.20 ± 0.07^c	11.89 ± 3.00^ac
	Khnifra	9.35 ± 0.01^cd	7.22 ± 0.01^de	44.85 ± 0.01^j	8.25 ± 0.08^d	20.72 ± 1.75^cd
	Beni Mellal	8.69 ± 0.12^bcd	7.22 ± 0.08^de	20.73 ± 0.01^f	5.78 ± 0.19^bc	11.43 ± 1.43^ac
	Zaouit Cheikh	9.37 ± 0.33^cd	7.72 ± 0.20^e	23.98 ± 0.01^g	6.68 ± 0.10^c	13.13 ± 2.39^bc
	Average	8.65 ± 0.11	6.83 ± 0.07	25.22 ± 0.12	6.37 ± 0.21	12.44 ± 0.65
AE	Rhamna	14.09 ± 0.63^a	12.10 ± 0.08^a	65.19 ± 0.01^h	10.0 ± 0.11^ab	25.87 ± 0.12^ab
	Taroudant	12.77 ± 0.22^a	11.00 ± 0.37^a	27.96 ± 0.01^a	8.37 ± 0.56^a	22.96 ± 2.23^a
	Tafraout	18.04 ± 0.52^b	15.60 ± 0.24^c	49.87 ± 0.01^e	11.3 ± 1.10^bc	29.36 ± 0.10^b
	Taounat	20.27 ± 0.47^bc	17.90 ± 0.04^b	52.28 ± 0.01^f	11.5 ± 0.19^bc	29.36 ± 0.10^b
	Zagora	21.67 ± 0.85^c	18.90 ± 0.16^c	96.64 ± 0.04^j	37.5 ± 0.39^e	29.32 ± 0.04^b
	Sidi Hrazm	13.81 ± 0.32^a	11.00 ± 0 0.29^a	86.16 ± 0.04^i	16.6 ± 0.20^d	29.32 ± 0.13^b
	Lkhmissat	14.85 ± 0.32^a	12.00 ± 0.29^a	29.44 ± 0.01^b	8.24 ± 0.60^a	29.13 ± 0.40^b
	B-Jaad	20.95 ± 0.29^c	17.40 ± 0.09^c	65.19 ± 0.01^h	12.5 ± 0.28^bc	26.51 ± 0.80^ab
	Khnifra	20.57 ± 0.06^bc	18.20 ± 0.29^c	58.60 ± 0.01^g	12.4 ± 0.32^bc	29.36 ± 0.10^b
	Beni Mellal	21.50 ± 0.50^c	18.30 ± 0.62^c	48.92 ± 0.01^d	13.0 ± 0.37^c	29.29 ± 0.17^b
	Zaouit Cheikh	21.28 ± 0.30^c	18.00 ± 0.04^c	38.71 ± 0.01^c	13.2 ± 0.60^c	29.45 ± 0.04^b
	Average	18.16 ± 0.35	15.49 ± 0.31	56.26 ± 0.21	14.05 ± 0.79	28.17 ± 0.22
WE	Rhamna	13.63 ± 0.13^ab	12.6 ± 0.33^a	11.51 ± 0.01^g	9.12 ± 0.22^a	13.63 ± 0.58^ac
	Taroudant	11.43 ± 0.61^ab	11.8 ± 0.33^a	6.05 ± 0.01^a	8.12 ± 0.10^a	9.80 ± 1.07^a
	Tafraout	15.29 ± 0.17^b	17.56 ± 1.24^b	10.23 ± 0.01^e	9.99 ± 0.61^a	14.83 ± 2.64^ac
	Taounat	13.97 ± 2.05^ab	8.68 ± 1.33^a	7.91 ± 0.01^d	8.75 ± 0.24^a	15.84 ± 0.31^ac
	Zagora	14.42 ± 0.25^ab	11.8 ± 0.83^a	12.79 ± 0.01^h	9.59 ± 0.18^a	17.58 ± 1.96^bc
	Sidi Hrazm	11.20 ± 0.35^a	9.74 ± 0.49^a	6.40 ± 0.01^b	9.31 ± 0.54^a	11.19 ± 0.17^ab
	Lkhmissat	11.08 ± 0.15^a	12.9 ± 0.16^a	12.91 ± 0.01^i	7.29 ± 2.12^a	10.75 ± 0.98^ab
	B-Jaad	12.77 ± 0.51^ab	12.6 ± 0.66^a	17.79 ± 0.01^k	9.46 ± 0.15^a	18.31 ± 1.92^c
	Khnifra	11.81 ± 0.31^ab	13.0 ± 1.41^a	11.28 ± 0.01^f	9.77 ± 0.10^a	19.13 ± 0.22^c
	Beni Mellal	13.39 ± 0.55^ab	9.15 ± 0.01^a	7.67 ± 0.01^c	8.63 ± 0.69^a	13.47 ± 0.08^ac
	Zaouit Cheikh	10.90 ± 0.25^a	9.68 ± 0.41^a	14.07 ± 0.01^j	9.07 ± 0.52^a	16.22 ± 0.31^ac
	Average	12.71 ± 0.16	11.77 ± 0.25	10.78 ± 0.35	9.01 ± 0.11	14.61 ± 0.33

Different letters within the same column, for each solvent, indicate significant differences ().