Journal of Food Quality

Research Article

Heavy Metals Concentration in Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) from the Moroccan Mediterranean Coast and Potential Human Health Risk Assessment

Table 6

Health risk assessment of the consumers for each analyzed metal in edible tissues of Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) from the Mediterranean coast of Morocco.
 WinterSpringSummerAutumn
EWI (EDI)THQCREWI (EDI)THQCREWI (EDI)THQCREWI (EDI)THQCR
CdBeni-Ensar0.065 ± 0.00 (0.009)0.009 ± 0.001.7E − 3 ± 0.01———0.060 ± 0.01 (0.008)0.009 ± 0.001.6E − 3 ± 0.010.046 ± 0.01 (0.006)0.007 ± 0.001.2E − 3 ± 0.01
Ras el Ma0.029 ± 0.01 (0.004)0.004 ± 0.007.8E − 4 ± 0.010.018 ± 0.01 (0.002)0.003 ± 0.004.8E − 4 ± 0.00——————
El-Houceima0.042 ± 0.01 (0.006)0.006 ± 0.001.1E − 3 ± 0.01———0.086 ± 0.01 (0.012)0.012 ± 0.002.3E − 3 ± 0.010.018 ± 0.01 (0.002)0.003 ± 0.004.8E − 4 ± 0.01
HgBeni-Ensar———0.057 ± 0.00 (0.008)0.050 ± 0.00—0.058 ± 0.00 (0.008)0.051 ± 0.00—0.097 ± 0.002 (0.013)0.086 ± 0.00—
Ras el Ma———0.047 ± 0.00 (0.006)0.042 ± 0.00———————
El-Houceima0.759 ± 0.00 (0.107)0.670 ± 0.00—0.044 ± 0.00 (0.006)0.038 ± 0.00—0.341 ± 0.00 (0.048)0.301 ± 0.00—0.220 ± 0.00 (0.031)0.194 ± 0.003—
PbBeni-Ensar0.035 ± 0.00 (0.005)0.0012 ± 0.001.2E − 6 ± 0.000.046 ± 0.01 (0.006)0.0016 ± 0.001.6E − 6 ± 0.000.020 ± 0.00 (0.002)0.0007 ± 0.007.3E − 7 ± 0.000.016 ± 0.00 (0.002)0.0005 ± 0.005.8E − 7 ± 0.00
Ras el Ma0.028 ± 0.01 (0.004)0.001 ± 0.001.0E − 6 ± 0.000.023 ± 0.01 (0.003)0.0008 ± 0.008.3E − 7 ± 0.000.005 ± 0.00 (0.0007)0.0001 ± 0.002.0E − 7 ± 0.000.014 ± 0.00 (0.002)0.0005 ± 0.005.0E − 7 ± 0.00
El-Houceima0.013 ± 0.00 (0.002)0.0004 ± 0.004.8E − 7 ± 0.000.06 ± 0.01 (0.008)0.0022 ± 0.002.2E − 6 ± 0.000.019 ± 0.00 (0.002)0.0007 ± 0.007.2E − 7 ± 0.000.16 ± 0.01 (0.023)0.0059 ± 0.006.0E − 6 ± 0.00
AsBeni-Ensar0.815 ± 0.10 (0.11)0.38 ± 0.060.17 ± 0.020.557 ± 0.18 (0.07)0.26 ± 0.130.11 ± 0.050.638 ± 0.20 (0.09)0.30 ± 0.090.13 ± 0.041.04 ± 0.13 (0.14)0.49 ± 0.060.22 ± 0.02
Ras el Ma1.16 ± 0.06 (0.16)0.54 ± 0.020.24 ± 0.010.52 ± 0.20 (0.07)0.24 ± 0.070.11 ± 0.890.49 ± 0.10 (0.07)0.23 ± 0.060.10 ± 0.961.10 ± 0.02 (0.15)0.51 ± 0.010.23 ± 0.00
El-Houceima1.14 ± 0.03 (0.14)0.54 ± 0.010.24 ± 0.000.47 ± 0.15 (0.07)0.22 ± 0.100.10 ± 0.050.69 ± 0.10 (0.08)0.32 ± 0.050.14 ± 0.021.08 ± 0.04 (0.15)0.50 ± 0.010.22 ± 0.00
TTHQBeni-Ensar0.3980.3150.3620.587
Ras el Ma0.5560.2940.2370.522
El-Houceima1.2180.2670.6400.712
The results are presented as mean ± standard deviation; Cd: cadmium; Hg: mercury; Pb: lead; As: arsenic; EWI (μg kg−1 body weight): estimated weekly intake; THQ: target hazard quotient; CR: carcinogenic risk; TTHQ: total target hazard quotient; THQ values >1 are indicated in bold. The values indicated in bold exceed the established threshold.