Diversity of Production Techniques and Microbiology of African Cereal-Based Traditional Fermented Beverages

Table 4

Starter cultures used in fermenting some cereal-based traditional fermented products.

Products	Defined starters	References
Sourdough	Lactobacillus species including; brevis, hilgardii, sanfranciscensis, farciminis, fermentum, plantarum, amylovorus, reuteri, pontis, panis, alimentarius	Palla et al. [176]
Kimchi	Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus plantarum, Weissella kimchi and koreensis, Companilactobacillus kimchi and Lactobacillus sakei	Choi et al. [177]; Lee et al. [178]; Muyanja et al. [35]
Bushera	Lactobacillus species such as plantarum, paracasei ssp. paracasei, fermentum, brevis, delbrueckii ssp. delbrueckii and Streptococcus thermophilus	Nuraida et al. [179]
Pozol	Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and W. confuses; Lactococcus lactis and raffinolactis	Florou-Paneri et al. [180]
Bread	Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis, Leuconostoc citreum and Weissella cibaria	Alfonzo et al. [181]
Sato	Rhizopus oligosporus, Mucor racemosus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, and Pichia anomala	Gabaza et al. [20]
Enturire	Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MNC 21 combined with Saccharomyces cerevisiae MNC 21Y, and L. plantarum MNC 21 combined with Weissella confusa pH MNC 20 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae MNC 21Y	Mukisa et al. [182]
Bushera	W. confuse, species of (Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Brevilactobacillus brevis and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)	Muyanja et al. [183]
Togwa	Brevilactobacillus brevis, L. cellobiosus, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum), and Pediococcus pentosaceus, Candida (pelliculosa and tropicalis), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Mugula et al. [184]
Gowe	Lactobacillus fermentum and mucosae; W. confusa and kimchi; Pediococcus acidilactici and pentosaceus; Kluyveromyces marxianus, Pichia anomala; Candida krusei and tropicalis	Vieira-Dalode et al. [185]
Ogi	Lactobacillus fermentum, brevis, and plantarum; Yeast such as S. Cerevisiae, Rhodotorula graminis, Candida krusei and tropicalis, Geotrichum candidum, Geotrichum fermentum	Omemu et al. [186]; Teniola and Odunfa [187]
Kenkey	Lb. fermentum, Lb. brevis, C. krusei, S. Cerevisiae	Olsen et al. [188]